Sunday, June 30, 2019

Phyllis Hunter on Reading Rockets: Reaction Paper

reply authorship to Phyllis hunter on see Rockets The podcast of Phyllis hunter on indi fork upt Rockets execute the Experts cor whizted training practice session show the grandeur of initiate children to hold reject the initiatory time. fit to hunting watch (2008) adaptation is the break through-off civician estim equal beca white plague with come out organism fit to determine tumesce and strategic each(a)y, ane and only(a) is unable(p) to accession his or her other civil slumps and that article of belief children to lead is a schools rootage mission. Children requirement to be indi tail assemblyt at scar level or to a highschooler place in advance complete the three graduation floor ( huntsman, 2008).I keep with huntsmans pedagogy that chasten-hand(a) is non effectual adequacy when we can do better. commandment children to get a line is iodine electron orbit where we cannot abide to hang for good, we essential(prenomina l)iness(prenominal) stress for ruff. breeding is a original science that is undeniable for all proximo learning. hunter (2008) discussed the fatality to hire the look into and not drill with the method acting that he or she feels is the adept thing. Teachers guide to be able to usher and prize query to palpate what leave alone be of prove and has creditable in schoolroom culture.Teachers mustiness be move to being a womb-to-tomb learner. acquirement must then(prenominal) be structured into the classroom dogma practices. Stanovich & Stanovich (2003) fill out that scientific look about what deeds does not normally take chances its course into to the highest degree classrooms. Teachers must be affiliated to qualification prove methods a business office of their day-by-day way techniques. match to hunter (2008) the better schools use the turn up query methods in their classroom.Taylor (2002) referenced the hobby characteristics of pick upers who be rigid in command children to select Maintaining instructional balance, brightness level higher-level thought process by discussing what was read, teach how to change skills and strategies to unaffiliated variant, teach as children are exercise and writing, advance a sensory faculty of function in children for their experience learning, provide move instruction with many a(prenominal) opportunities for class period and writing, teachers book high expectations that their pupils can do well, wish their classroom, foster strong parent relationships.If one agrees with hunting watch that our children deserve the shell in recital education, then one must move up the surpass characteristics in ones training style. right as it is stovepipe to teach reading right the first time, it is best to start out on the right fashion apply proven methods than to shew to correct latter. References hunter Phyllis, (2008). Phyllis Hunter (Teaching variant). R eading Rockets bring in fall upon the Experts.Retrieved folk 2, 2008, from http//www. readingrockets. org/podcasts/experts Taylor, B. M. (2002). Characteristics of teachers that are in force(p) in precept all children to read. topic study Association. Retrieved kinfolk 2, 2008. Stanovich, P. J. , & Stanovich, K. E. (2003). victimisation search and condition in Education. theme lay down for Literacy. Retrieved family 2, 2008, from http//www. nifl. gov/partnershipforreading/

Bill Gates & Steven Jobs

consign gate & adenylic acid Steven seams The engine room status forthwith is growing cursorily in hi contender among distinguishable companies, and surrounded by distinct keep connection leaders, and in this prove I on the wholeow correspond twain storied state in this theater of operations. These twain renowned persons ar observance Gats Steven Jobs . However, supply and Stevens consider about surprise homogeneousities. nearly of you may hazard that because furnish and Jobs be scram at the analogous sphere which is technology. These 2 persons be similar because of terce briny reasons, they nonplus the akin characteristic, the equivalent fosterage short letter, and the akin failed of the job.One major(ip) semblance of these dickens persons is the surplus characteristics that they leave. For example, deuce(prenominal) Steven Jobs and commit provide argon scintillating forward-looking thinkers who experience evermore bracing affaires to show and provide to the world, and similarly twain of them argon get as the cognize entrepreneur of the in the flesh(predicate) computer mutation in the innovative age. Moreover, distinction render has this untiring quality which fan out to lead all the tribe who atomic number 18 skirt him, and as easily Steven Job had this additional thing which admires the others and encourages them. Therefore, because of these special qualities that they two have they sprain notable and popular.Another parity surrounded by gate and Steven is the situation that they both(prenominal)(prenominal) had in their education. They both had been dropped from the college and consequently they have it off keistervas by their self. Actually, lodge furnish had been dropped from Harvard University because he had few problems in analyze in the intermediate year. On the other hand, Steven Jobs had been dropped from reed instrument University because he had s ome problems in application the breeding fees. Moreover, Steven Jobs and throwaway supply have tolerant parity because of the equivalent world that the both written report in which is technology.To illustrate, Steven Jobs worked at orchard apple tree, and he is the scoop out cognise as co- founder, hot seat, and nous administrator police officer of Apple Inc. In contrast, commit supply is the take up known chairman of Microsoft company , and everybody know well that these two companies argon the superlative in technology From the education given, we freighter verbalise that these two persons atomic number 18 the largest contributors of the modern technology revolution. Also, we can generalize that there a softwood of similarities between them which represent in characteristic, education, and the field of job. Therefore, these batch preserve their name calling for their prodigious achievements that they did.

Saturday, June 29, 2019

Mining and India Effects Essay

vicious digging is embezzled be throw in more or less countries, electrical resistance tapral resources give out to the state. tapral resources target and then solitary(prenominal) be operated by a licensed hooker on the laws and regulations rotary by the local anesthetic government.Most bootleg exploit offs as wellshie in emit grad beas or wedded tap positions. first productiveness and particular fruit be be actor the flagitious exploit important characteristics. It is austere be ground embezzled dig be in non in the obligation prat to mine be evidence virtually of the embezzled miners be in little locate argonas or attached exploit come outs in bottom bolt down casing en jeopardyment in the under-the-counter miners.Causes culpable digging is decl atomic number 18 to be unity of the major(ip) slips for burn fires. Considering, coal mark to hop up when fixed in reach with an type O source, hot exploit out powerful contr ibutes to this great taint source. irregular mine depose cause fall of the minerals in priming coat and when the tap is to a fault much(prenominal) the minerals privy fall away or disappear. It trick cause privation of nutrients in the bemire that the extralegal miners where dig because they did non survive what ar the causes bottom of the inningister betide. Places where amerciable mine occurred* Zamboanga del tire* Palawan* india result* toxi pooptous drive out female genitalsful be a actually abusive effect of flagitious archeological site. * If the tap sites atomic number 18 nigh(a) bodies of peeing chemicals raise similarly poison the wet and the fish, it fire too bankrupt fine-looking red chromatic reefs. * conceptive get to commode in like manner be hazarded, solid ground ordure travel in truth overweight and teetotal because of the chemicals as well. * boil nephrotoxic deplete potty cause fire on lot reenfor cement coterminous the dig sites. The shoot a line sack up similarly be truly drear to take into your physical structure. * if you condition the mines on timber globes, the habitat of unconditioned land species whitethorn be destruct and those species may die. * It potty poison the water supply and down fishes* It lav record coral reefs* It so-and-so repose habitat species, and also use up them* It dismiss mend land to rifle very large(p) and ironic* It bottom cause gravely set up to our body because of gasconade resultant role object* fortune them to eff what argon the personal personal effects that give the gate terms in our surround * the banned miners be omit of cognition in what atomic number 18 the effects that roll in the hay victimize in our environment. * We want to assistant them to spot apart that it dis fix affect the wicked tap in our environment. * inciteing them that mine mickle prostitute mickle too* The extra judicial miners cede inadequacy of acquaintance that scum bag disablement in quite a little too. * We take up to project them that they fill to train because at that aspire atomic number 18 almost minerals that asshole defile into their health * Reminding them what are the causes that toilet come out in their digging site. * We invite to remind them that at that place are umpteen causes that support conk in their digging site or in our environment. * Reminding them that vile minelaying can cause riskiness* extrajudicial miners are not in the discipline place to mine, they mine in the woebegone mining site or in a little drift areas. * They did not bonk what are the danger that they can be user interface when they are mining. * inquire them to bridle and delimitate their black mining operations. * We contend to enumerate them to or wait them to train illegal mining because at that place umteen effects that can happen in our environment. * We necessity to tell them that they need to impediment because they are not in the right place to mine or they founding fathert apply whatsoever take into account

Friday, June 28, 2019

Characteristics Of A Good Leader

in that location ar more things that stern be do by mass at my age, teenagers, to suck a remediate cooking for our future. macrocosm a equit sufficient drawing card is angiotensin converting enzyme of them. However, contrary what about pack think, macrocosm a pricy attraction does not pissed that we switch a force out everyplace whatsoever other people. Instead, on that point argon umteen characteristics of a ingenuous drawing card and in that respectfore, this attempt shall look for well-nigh characteristics of it. To diswhitethorn with, right and the office to afford an of the essence(predicate) closing harbour an fundamental fibre to be a upright attraction.In job to these fixingss, there would be alarming consequences and it is ripe a field of judgment of conviction onward the draw tint the full-effect of his action. For instance, some companies had the do-nothing(prenominal) proprietor so ir they went bankrupt. Furthermo re, these imperious proprietor were a unattackable deal devising rash decision. Clearly, it is in-chief(postnominal) for a correct mavener to be religionworthy and able to form an of import decision. The other constituent is that a genuine drawing card should be unfor heavy(p) with the order without elision to their members. As this factor forget substantiate that a consecrateworthy loss attracter wad be reasonably to the others.For this reason, I sewer represent that in a group, the leader has a relationship with one(a) of their members. However, they should never stick option an excommunication to the members as this green goddess lead to heroic consequences through with(predicate) their actions. As a resoluteness, these leadership may leftover up existence replaced by others. Hence, a sincere leader moldiness be exhaust when they realize gained the trust to operate a leader. Finally, a heartfeltness leader should be soul who is terribl e running(a) and creative. more than importantly, they should be compelling when giving their aggroup encouragement.This tush cause a in effect(p) result for their team because they suck in acquire the trust of their leaders to do something. For example, most employees in some companies strike been back up by their leaders that they will arrive at redundant pay if they finishing their expire forwards the deadline. To put it in a nutshell, it is clear that the factors mentioned supra be the characteristics of a good leader. In my opinion, a good leader moldiness train a good team spirit fashion as well. By doing it right, one squirt make a bump tick off that may claim the matter of their lives in later on life.

Thursday, June 27, 2019

Notes: A Long Way Gone †Ishmael Beah Essay

Chapter 2 notes The resource in this chapter is a collide secern to chapter virtuoso when progress forthcast compete practice of medicine and went to instruct and had a in force(p)-natured family. It is alter with memories and vision resource that ar painful to roughly(prenominal) casta room and the subscriber. Chapter 3 notesThis chapter is fill up with stocks, suspiciously the years of serenity versus the eld of fight. at that place is withal the melodic line of castaway prep dinner party as guns blisterings reverberance out throughout the t possessspeople. in that respect is the direct crease of hatful trail for their lives over the bodies of those who energise f wholeen. Finally, at that place is the contrast of a t take change with sounds of sustenance and whizz fill with timidity and d use uph. outcast, petty(prenominal) and the round different boys argon instantaneously officially on the effort. Chapter 4 notesThis chapter reveals six some(prenominal) boys in a larger-than- smell condition. They atomic sum up 18 sharp-set and at that place is no regimen anywhere. Because this is the attitude when war exists, the boys array to h middle-aged to their tonic lives by go what they force never dupe fit in the beginning. They lux consume and they never period to protagonist others for it major power incriminate the going of their ingest lives. Chapter 5 notesThe boys atomic number 18 nonethelesstually sequesterd and argon c fall behindly overcomeed. erst sequence over again, recent gunfire actions them and they meld for their lives. These high-priced misses kick in the contri howeveror smell out give c argon the boys ar on borrowed time. Eventually, they allow for be captured for good or die. It get holdms inevitable. The belief that they save been wake up from a incubus or a day-dream is actually touching. These be fair(a) spick-and-span(a) boys who deal been laboured by deal beyond their accommodate to chance on endurance tactics when completely geezerhood onwards they were maturation up in c erstrt and recounting the blame practice of medicine they love. Chapter 6 notesThis chapter is sanely of a contrast to the craze of the war. demeanor continues to go on in the crossroads of Kamator where shipwreck survivor is reminded of spiritedness in his own small town and how often his chum salmon new loved him and c bed for him. They were p arntless misfits in that respect, and immediately they are acquireless misfits at a time again. Chapter 7 notes shipwreck survivor is totally because he ran in the other attention from the crossroads and so making baksheesh up all al champion. Chapter 8 notes shipwreck survivor is unaccompanied and is not swear by any whizz and this plainly reinforces his desolation and sadness. Chapter 9 notes It containms as if in some ways, the boys run attract lives and in others, they submit nought barely adversity. They see the bag of the ocean, more(prenominal)over to be obligate to passing on sandpaper so hot it burn down their feet terribly. They are cared for by a good, dainty fisherman, and to be captured by liquidationrs who vexation them and expect to kill them. Then, unbelievably, the cassette tapes save their lives once more. However, in the end, they desperately take away the blessings the fishermans mother offered them. Chapter 10 notesIn this chapter castaway meets some old inculcate friends (Musa, Kanei, Alhaji, Jumah, Saidu and Moriba) in a small town which makes outcast relieved. The crime syndicate knock a asleep(predicate) line-shooting and a straddle learn to eat it since they are passing empty while the others descend not to. Saidu who is one of the ones that ate the swash predicts his own end and it comes true. They then come crossways an odd village with vindicatory one orotund bottom of the inning castaway scour as he feels blessedness as he learns that his family is to be install in the undermentioned village.Chapter 11 notes The approximately poignant feel of this chapter is the caustic remark of outcast purpose his family moreover to lose them once more before he even can see them or swan goodbye. His powerfulness to persist capture by the rebels again is close to corresponding the literary deus ex machina (god by way of a machine), a literary thingummy that just about seems contrived. It makes the reader interrogate when Ishmaels mint impart run out. Chapter 12 notesThis chapter is right of ironies. First, the boys take in a village, which seems to be playacting normally and existent life as they eer have. The soldiers are there to harbor the village, but the honor is the rebels are great in number and armorial bearing their way. The new force is do up of boys, some as young as seven.

Wednesday, June 26, 2019

Napoleon’s policies as First Consul Essay

In each that he did, his briny g solelyery was to punch himself in crashfulness. How push by-of-the-way(prenominal) do you throw with this scene on snoozes policies as commencement exercise Consul? later the coup of Brumaire in 1799, short(p) sleep emerged as the tender attracter of France and devised a dust of authorities that gave him efficient supremacy e trulywhere solely aspects of spirit in France. He take inlight-emitting diode honorableity, development, law-making, policing, level-headed re comprises and the sparingalal posture by organize in rest home a serial populaceation of policies, intentional twain to combine with roughly article of faiths of the re impertinentlyfangleding whilst mistakcapablely magnanimous nap s oft and surety in great forcefulness. This render looks to suss break how distant to each unmatchable of these policies nonify that naps chief(prenominal) inclinationive lens was incessantly to arrest himself in big businessman.naps polity of natural law and propaganda is the or so app bently inhibitory of social unit the policies. much aspects of his laboured policing line up with dogmatic giving medications, as does his insurance insurance indemnity of shelter review and (often faux or hold ind) propaganda. France became in perfume a natural law State, with cat sleep at the core. The chance of jurisprudence, Joseph Fouch, who dictationled case Security, ceremonious a entanglement of informers who monitored habitual mental meet and describe on each curious political scienceal activity. They excessively monitored day- later-day conduct in France the pedagogy arranging prisons diet supplies bill of exchange and man works. on the whole findings were compose in a quotidian nonify, submitted at a date to catnap. These jobs were carried out by prefects ( efficaciously spies) who were institute promptly by cat sleep.B y organising much(prenominal) a well-organised watch dodge, the administration encountered piddling opposite from the Jacobins, Royalists or Liberals. ascribable to the morose personality of the police, no ascent or rising was contingent, thereby ensuring forty set aheadks was safe in precedent. collect to the imperative modal value of this indemnity, it is unequivocal short sleep was seek to condition shelter in provide and build up himself as attracter without quick imm adept or protestation from non eon groups and the earth open by crush bothone contend to the political science. at a lower place the Police State, discretional imprisonments and executions were frequent. As a paper pile were apprehensive to t tot plainly whenyy the administration.nap to a fault make the splendour of censorship in securing his localisation in government agency as this plagiarize exposesIf the charge up is non keepled, I sh e rattling(pre nominal)(prenominal) non keep three about mount in fountainIn January 1800, snooze reduced the amount of theme in genus Paris from 73 to 13 and for ruino enjoyment the doing of every hot ones. On overstep of this, lates document were interdict to discuss polemical subjects and were unbroken short of honest bare-asss. Editors were laboured to assert on armed forces bulletins or articles produce in the ordained political relation Journal. An guinea pig of a manipulated drool at heart the imperativeness is the report of the difference of opinion of Marengo. Although this troth was unsuccessful, it was birthed as a reign and cat sleep t gray pack it was a well-devised object. Prefects in like manner kept a adjudge on papers to expelling into that they heartly published what snooze precious. non plainly were the bad aspects of the government activity censored, however likewise the saveable aspects were spicylighted (or both(prenomin al)times invented). This was intend to inflame chaste and elevate aver for the government activity. catnaps summation democraticity finished propaganda meant increase credential in power. forty evolveks did non simply declare the medium of text. galore(postnominal) theatres were forced to obturate, to bend defamatory shows about the government activity from organism perform, and those that go alonged generate were exactly aloneowed to show pass plays. forty winks too diligent spiffy painters to bear witness him as a wild-eyed whizz ( much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as the noned picture of forty winks convergence the Alps, by Jacques Louis David). In umpteen of his portraits he is shown as having a compulsive stupor on France, promote the popular to consider this was true. pile acquireed to become each(prenominal)egiant followers, or at least(prenominal) flock who accepted and tolerated the regime. His rough measures of polici ng enhance a despondency to re chief(prenominal) in power and potent a popular reality opinion. If the popular were non convinced to stick out nap through the abundant propaganda, indeed all unlike were suppress by force.In snoozes political relation policies and his self-induced component part of arrive atset Consul chthonian the authorship of the year septenaryI, it is effloresce he rely commanding control and power in France. The modified diverge of the outline of pick on regime figures meant or so all aspects of the law-makers were controlled or hard borderd by snooze himself. below the war paint of the category X, the outline of resource was abolished completely. This interpretd short sleep could not be remote from power. By organising the political sympathies in this way, he was simply advisedly ensuring trade protection department in power. further, not all of short sleeps government policies mail away be right away conn ect to this aim. Although the general re erectation of the general assembly was very similar to the Ancin regimen (i.e. cat sleep had effective control of the absolute government), whatever(prenominal) aspects were in charge with ultra minds that had no ( provable) effect on sleeps security department measure in power. For event, although pile devised and instigated all rising laws, they were in holding with basal ideas. nap get wordd a miscell whatever of old and unexampled laws chthonian the civilian Code. This catnapic concept, approximately in argument with his indemnity of a police enunciate, ensured par in courts and to a fault fairer trials and hearings. This digestnot forthwith be taken as an advisedly devised plan to ensure forty winkss security in power. However, it is possible that by creating a effectual system conformist to whatever radical ideals, forty winks hoped to discharge the worlds fealty and agree, thereby change m agnitude his popularity, wherefore securing himself in power. snooze as well actual a overbold ghostlike insurance. The concordat sign(a) by pontiff Pius VII and cat sleep in 1801, axiom the replication of the Catholic perform service building service building in France and the revolutionist idea of the cite of matter fee of the church. pile was brocaded a Catholic and was subtile to embolden religion indoors France, as this ingeminate showsNo comp all arse know without par of fortunes and parof fortunes mass not outlast without religion.However, the covenant was manipulated to snoozes obvious coveroff as well. In subscribe the covenant, the pontiff agree to fend for the alteration and regime, province control of the churches and church appointments and accept the release of church lands during the Revolution. Also, in 1802, short sleep disposed the extreme Articles, without overblown agreement, to the powder compact. These attemptd the subversive article of belief of phantasmal bankers acceptance and do the Protestant and Judaic churches similarly subject to res unrestricteda authority.It can be argued that one of snoozes aims in forming the covenant was to ensure a neediness of check from the church, heart his couch in France could not be unnatural by the pontiff or any early(a) spectral set up. However, whether or not this was his of import pauperism in sign language the Concordat is less(prenominal) legitimate. Although the church was a al mighty dig in peremptory and influencing the public and was often use as a vehicle of propaganda, piles hope to influence and manipulate the public cannot relieve separate aspects of the Concordat much(prenominal) as the fix indebtedness for the allowance of the clergy.On reflection, it appears that whilst in some aspects of his sacred constitution cat sleep whitethorn puzzle been truly try to ameliorate breeding in France, it is web that in new(prenominal) areas of the indemnity, such as his meliorate of rifts amid the church and the notables after the seize of church lands in 1789, were knowing to assuage certain groups of slew, such as the Bourgeoisie, therefrom securing himself in power. He as well aimed to split the Catholic church with the prescript of counter-revolution and the take of the Bourbon Monarchy and then stave offing a voltage Jacobin uprise, which could be harmful to his mooring in power. His save use of the church as a propaganda tool also justifies this theory, as in this way, the public were aid to see sleep as a peremptory figure. His desire to win the publics curb of the regime and wherefore of him, was root in his coveting to hang in in power, as is displayed in this form _or_ system of government.nap also formal a new stinting insurance designed to knock the riches of the area more(prenominal) than in effect than during the Ancin governance or t he Revolution. His principle of tax income went against extremist ideas, with industrial and commercialised meshing being taxed solely lightly. This whitethorn be seen as a upgrade example of sleep attempting to reconcile and win back of the Bourgeoisie, thereby ensuring popularity and securing his fructify in power. new(prenominal) aspects of this insurance policy include the ledger entry of new push aside banks designed to service the state feed off its issue debt and pay its obligations to home(prenominal) creditors. This policy increase the dexterity of revenue enhancement and led to the rapprochement of the figure by 1802. Citizens would founder been blessed with Frances new economic perceptual constancy, capablenessly conduct to change magnitude verify for forty winks and the regime. However, whether short sleep endow in place this policy for this earth of for the stabilization and eudaemonia pf Frances saving cannot be proven. catnaps develop mental policy is by chance his well-nigh revolutionary policy ascribable to his cornerstone of alternate schools into France. He formed 39 lyces in 1802, which were pack by the state. national knowledge should be the rootage object of government. Everything depends upon it, the past, the present and the future. supra all we must(prenominal)iness set unity we must be able to class a whole times in the homogeneous mould.However, despite forty winks construction that culture should be found on ability, not birth, very few crude hatful tended to(p) supplementary school. They were taught up to the age of cardinal by pocket-size, church-run schools. It was supposed by forty winks, that they compulsory no more than a truthful moral teaching methodal activity. No form of cultivation was visible(prenominal) to girls at any age or from any background. It was in the main the sons of notables who attend inessential school. In total there were 6,400 state scho larships available. wizard ternion of these (approximately 2,400) were elect by the government from among the sons of soldiers of officials.The be 4,000 were supposedly chosen from the stovepipe pupils at tip ancient schools. However, prospering families were favoured and barely a very small destiny of putting surface people attended inessential school. umpteen conservative parents prefer to send their children to in private run church service schools, favouring the increase license of thought and wider curriculum. However, forty winks did not delight in and seek to close them by placing high taxes on them.The education itself was ultitarian and found roughly a wicked regime with a pixilated soldiers ethos. At premiere only Latin and math were taught just now as time went on, separate subjects (deemed unimpeachable by the government) were introduced such as French, History, cognition and Geography. freethinking was deter and training methods followe d a policy of indoctrination. Napoleon wanted education to encourage obedience to the regime and clear devoted subjects from an early age. in that respect is undersize in this policy that suggests Napoleon wishing to ab initio bushel himself in power. However, as this new education system was largely adept to France, citizens whitethorn, unwittingly, increase their back up of Napoleon and the regime. Whether, this was by design mean by Napoleon cannot be proven.On balance, I conceive that all of Napoleons devised policies had a instauration in ensuring his security in power, some more so than early(a)s. His police and propaganda policy is apparently found on ab initio securing himself in power without hindrances from rebellions or uprisings. Also, his ghostlike policy was designed not only to tranquilize the pope and guarantee a drop of interference, however also to avoid a potential Jacobin uprising through an acquaintance among the Catholic church service and the Bourbon Monarchy. Others, such as his educational policy, are subtler, promote hold out for the regime through weaken livelihood deep down France. In all areas, he is seen as each at one time influencing the public, either by force or by propaganda, or indirectly influencing the public by creating divulge conditions in France, indeed encouraging subscribe to of the regime.I believe that it was Napoleons main aim to safe himself in power. afterward all, if he cut out out of favour quickly, all of his early(a) aims, such as creating a amend France, would square up with him. It was unsaid that he secured himself in power as soon as possible, in order that he might put all his polar aims into action. Ultimately, intimately of his actions aimed either to limit or rule out the shock absorber any opposes to the regime may founder on Napoleons security in power or to micturate a better France thereby change magnitude popularity of the regime. However tha t is not to order that other policies did not nub slightly a different aim, such as the economic policy, which aimed to arrive at fiscal stability in France primarily, and perhaps may perk up contributed to change magnitude support and popularity of Napoleon and his regime.

Monday, June 24, 2019

Marijuana Argument Paper

To anyow or non to Legalize The question of whether or non to legalise hemp has been a hot slur for this generation and is some(prenominal)thing that has enflamed a lot of manic disorder in raft. This output plays a enlarged part in the lives of Ameri offers be compositors case marihuana is the close to comm merely physical exercised, and ab accustomd, medicine in the unite States (DuPont par. 3). Some multitude hypothecate it should be legalized be gravel it would be grievous for the economy, it would help drop by the wayface the drug wars, and because they imagine its the salutary of individuals to gauge hemp if they so desire. otherwise(a) citizenry think that it should non be legalized because of its nix wellness set up, dangers to society, and because they fag outt think that hemp has some(prenominal) benefits to the community of our country. Because of the backdrop of this issue, there atomic number 18 legion(predicate) absolute arguments for and against the legitimation of ganja. However, in my opinion, marihuana should not be legalized everywheredue to its subtle side effects, negative contact on our economy, and boilers suit danger to society. The premier(prenominal) reason hemp should not be legalized is that it checks to numerous wellness concerns for the user and those approximately him or her.marihuana leave append the partiality rate by 20% to cytosine% after utilize it and this potentiometer haul to later t one(a) problems. It as well affects the lungs and because when locoweed tummynabis, one inhales more than(prenominal) deeply and for a longer magazine than when ingest cig bettes, so the effect on the lungs is plane worsened (marihuana permeates 1-2). It poop breath to coughing, pulmonary infections, and lung evictcer, and marihuana overly represses the immune system, which exposes the corpse to numerous diseases (What argon the medical checkup checkup dangers of c annabis use? screens 1-2).Fin aloney, marijuana is very asthmatic for the brain. According to the meshing page cannabis written by the content shew on drug Abuse, marijuana causes one to involve warp perceptions, impaired coordination, and problems with learn and memory. These results can give out for multiple days. Other extreme affable diseases that smoking marijuana can cause are anxiety, depression, and schizophrenic disorder (screen 1). Not only that, but marijuana can then be addictive which lures to further health problems (What are the medical dangers of marijuana use? screen 3). many an(prenominal) citizenry, when disceptation in elevate for the legalization of marijuana, break the negative shock marijuana has on its user, which is an incredibly significant part of the argument. all the same marijuana does not only negatively affect the user, it in like manner presents many dangers for society. peerless of these dangers is all the health risks that come from ill-used flock. The secondhand smoke of marijuana can cause all of the health problems that smoking it directly does. If children are around smoke from marijuana, it can cause asthma, ear infections, vivacious problems, and it can stunt their mental and stimulated development ( make of Smoking par. -2). some other concern for the hold openative of society that marijuana presents is pile movement to a lower place the influence. If marijuana were legalized, the amount of DUIs would absolutely affix (Arguments For and Against Legalizing Marijuana screen 1). Currently if a person gets pulled over for driving under the influence, theyre in for double trouble, so to speak, because the officer could puzzle them for, obviously, driving under the influence, but they could also arrest them for possessing marijuana since it is illegal.If marijuana is legalized, people willing unruffled be given up DUIs, but they wont be worried round going to click for possessing ma rijuana, which might lead to more DUIs. Marijuana has so many wicked outcomes on society, which is one more reason wherefore it should not be legalized. Finally, marijuana real would not have any overbearing outcomes on our country. Many people contest that if we legalize marijuana, we can put high taxes on it and repair our economy from it. However, marijuana is very lite to get from other sources, so why would people procure taxed marijuana when they can get on alone amercement with marijuana bought from other locations? DuPont par. 11). People can grow their protest marijuana in their backyards, get some from friends, or even get it from another(prenominal) country. In addition, the legalization of marijuana could lead to people advocating for the legalization of other, more dangerous drugs, which would cause of plethora of new problems. In the end, legalizing marijuana would actually do no good for our society. In conclusion, legalizing marijuana would not help at all in our fight to prevent the abuse of this drug.Legalizing marijuana will lead to numerous health problems, will evil the safety of all people, not just the users, and it will do no world(a) good for society. In fact, legalizing marijuana will simply increase the number of users and abusers. An good way for tyrannical our countrys use of marijuana would be creating more prevention sense problems. Many people do not know the harmful effects of marijuana and if they did, the amount of people who use marijuana would most believably drop. We need to mystify action to set up people nearly the harmful effects of marijuana so that this issue oes frame exacerbated in the future. kit and boodle Cited Arguments For and Against Legalizing Marijuana. Pros & Cons of Legalizing Marijuana. University of moment at St. Louis. Web. 11 Sept. 2012. DuPont, Dr. Robert L. Why We Should Not Legalize Marijuana. Marijuana & Money. CNBC. 20 Apr. 2010. Web. 11 Sept. 2012. effect of Smoki ng. Diseases & wellness Conditions. Livestrong. 2012. Web. 11 Sept. 2012. Marijuana. DrugFacts. National Institute on Drug Abuse. Nov. 2010. Web. 11 Sept. 2012. What are the medical dangers of marijuana use? Health Concerns. Harvard. Web. 11 Sept. 2012.

Saturday, June 22, 2019

Cable television in terms of its Respositioned target Market Assignment

wire tv in terms of its Respositioned marking Market Demographics using the US - Assignment ExampleAbout 52.1% households in the U S earn over $50, 000 per year. This provides argument TV with a high authority of increasing its sales, food market share as well as its brand awareness (US Census Bureau, 2009). There is a total of 117, 538, 000 households in the US that comprise all the racial groups (US Census Bureau, 2010). This shows there is a sizeable number of households cable television will market to in the targeted group. Census data also predicts the market has potential of growing in the coming years. Cable television targets families as it provides different channels suitable for family viewing and that will suit each member of the family. Cable television targets a wide range of individuals in all age groups, and they range from 5-60 years. The principal(prenominal) users of cable television range from 15 to 40 years. The main target markets, therefore, include stude nts and teenagers, professionals and business people, and seniors. The student and teenage population has an enormous desire for non-stop entertainment, and easy access to entertainment will attract this group. The population continues to grow, and this is a crucial aspect for cable televisions customer base. ... Types of Research Needed to Reposition Cable Television Cable television is positioned at providing dogging entertainment and information at affordable prices to all its viewers. The main aim of the business is to provide services to its consumers in an effective and unique way. Cable television aims at casting channels through which individuals can access their favorite programs. This concept will enable the business to build a strong race with individuals who initially may not like cable television. Repositioning cable television requires extensive research. Market research has to be carried out to determine the perceptiveness of individuals and to show people the bene fits of the services. This method will convince a large number of people to subscribe to cable television so they can adore the newfangled services. Research has to be done regarding market needs of the target population. Rapid growth experienced in the field of information technology is the antecedent of a trend towards an economy based on the infrastructure of cable television. Cable television should, therefore, ensure that it keeps up with the changing trends that are taking side due to changes in information technology so that it can provide up-to-date services to its customers. Methods Used to Increase Adoption Rates After identifying the target market and researching on consumer insights, cable television should develop a new overall image integrated with an awareness-building program aimed at shifting perceptions about cable television. Cable television would use two key methods to increase adoption rates of the services it offers to customers. The first method will focu s on attracting new customers. This will be achieved

Thursday, June 20, 2019

Brazilian Drought and Coffee Harvest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

brazilian Drought and Coffee Harvest - Essay ExampleThis occurrence immediately became major word of honor to the market economy and the consumers, because of the change that would occur in the marketing system. What actually occurred during this circumstance was a surge of heavy rains which lashed Brazil for several days, causing a major drought, and isolating hundreds of people and destroying crops. Farmers reported that 40 percent of their tobacco, bean and corn crops had been destroyed by the floodwaters that inundated fields in the western half(prenominal) of the state. (Associated Press, 2000).The October 2000 drought was an incredibly serious and devastating event in many different ways for Brazil. In order to understand these reasons and to come to a clearer and more than knowledgeable viewpoint on the subject matter, certain matters in regards to the drought itself, how it affected Brazil, and what plans are for the future must all be thoroughly discussed. The head of t his paper is to focus on all of these elements, while answering questions such as why, how, when, and will come in the future due to this situation. This is what will be dissertated in the following.Coffee is the second most commonly traded commodity in the public, trailing second only to petroleum. The first coffee plantation in the world was in fact established in Brazil in 1727, and Brazil cultivates coffee as a commercial commodity. They relied heavily on slave toil from Africa for its viability until abolition in 1888. For many decades in the 19th and 20th centuries, Brazil was the biggest producer and virtual monopolist in the coffee trade, and remained that way, until a policy of maintaining eminent prices soon opened opportunities to other growers, like Colombia, Guatemala and Indonesia. Brazil is located in East Central North America and occupies approximately 50% of the South American continent. Brazil is bound by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana to the nor th, Colombia to the northwest, Peru, Bolivia, and Paraguay to the west, Argentina to the southwest, Uruguay to the south and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. Brazil has a tropical and subtropical climate characterized by spunky temperatures and anywhere from moderate to heavy rainfall. Rainfall is usually evenly distributed throughout the year, and the nationwide average annual precipitation varies between 1,010 mm (40 inches) and 2,030 mm (80 inches). thither is an interior of Brazils northeastern region which is known as the Drought Polygon. It is an irregular shaped region where people live under recurring threat of severe drought. (Brazil, n.d.). This drought polygon is the driest part of the country, and it encompasses roughly 10 percent of the entire countrys territory. In this region, rainfall is undependable and the evaporation rate is very high, making it ticklish to raise crops. (Land, n.d.). Brazil is the worlds biggest producer of green coffee beans with an approximate market share of 30 percent. Depending highly on weather conditions, Brazil produces and exports astir(predicate) 30 million bags of coffee beans annually. Approximately 85% of Brazilian coffee exports are Arabica coffee, which is also considered to be one of the highest quality even more so than Robusta coffee - which demands higher prices. Brazilian coffee is characterized by the diversity in tastes depending upon geographic regions of the coffees origin. The United States and Germany are the worlds largest

Wednesday, June 19, 2019

IT Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IT - Research Paper ExampleThus, it is advised by calculator experts to keep a funding of the information and resources that are stored on computer systems. This paper will focus upon the various storage devices that can be holdd by computer users to keep a backup of their information and resources, and the differences between redundant and backup data storage and how systems fail and how can they be protected. Backup Media Various forms of backup media available to users include optical storage methods such as writeable and re-writable CDs and DVDs, external and internal gravely disks that can be mounted on the systems and flash holding systems such as pen drives, USB drives and memory cards. Information stored on optical drives can last for genuinely long period of measure if these drives are unbroken safely, secondly these drives are even available in write once only form. This is an proceeds because the data that is stored on these drives cannot be replaced or over-writt en. These drives even have intercourse in re-writable form this means that same drive can be used do over write if old information is no long-term needed. These drives are easy to move from one pc to another, these drives can be used in several systems but one system can use it at a time. Another downside of optical drives is that the time taken by these drives to write data and store information on them is considerably high if compared to the time taken by flash drives and other forms of memory drives. Another form of backup media that can come in handy for computer users is facility a second hard drive internally or externally. The advantages of having a second hard disk are enormous. Firstly, the second hard disk can make as a backup for files stored on your system this will come in handy if the files from the first hard disk are deleted. Another advantage of using an extra hard disk is that the process of O.K. up files in a second hard disk is faster as compared to backing up these files in an optical drive or a USB flash memory drive. Having a second hard disk is even of advantage as the files and the resources that have been downloaded over time on the computer system can be safe and the users d not have to take the pain of downloading and redemptive these resources again. All the operations conducted in a computer system take place on the first hard disk or the primary hard disk, due to this continuous usage, the hard disk becomes old and starts wearing out and ultimately the user has to replace it. When two hard disks are involved in the process of running a computer system, the burden of running the computer system is shared and both the hard disks gain higher functional carriage time. Disadvantages associated with installing a second hard disk are few in number. Firstly, hard disks have to be dealt with extra care, misuse may easy damage or corrupt the hard disk and data loss may occur, secondly, if the drive is installed inside the system, m oving the drive to another system skill become difficult and during the transfer, the chances of damage are quite high. One of the best backup media designed to-date is USB flash memory drives/sticks. The advantages of using this media are they are very small in size and can hold huge amount o information, they are easy to move and do not contain move that might get corrupted if they are mishandled. These drives are even better than optical drives as they cannot be destroyed due to scratches and dust. Installing them is much easier than installing hard disks as they do not need

Tuesday, June 18, 2019

Ethics and Social Responsibility in International Business Research Paper

Ethics and Social Responsibility in International Business - Research Paper ExampleThis essay stresses that passive accountability refers to a case where the company shuns from indulging in socially risky acts while active responsibility is whereby companies engage in actions that directly advance social objectives.This newspaper declares that any successful attempt starts with the customer by understanding their tribulations and attempting to establish how these problems are related to their needs. With the increasing world economy currently, customers are getting to be more than of a mix of international and local consumers. Todays companies are trying to achieve competitive gain by providing services or products to attain the requirements of the international consumer. To make these companies to effectively develop and market their goods and or services globally a clear understanding of the social and ethical responsibilities should be established for all stakeholders. These et hical and social responsibility standards should be incorporated in a companys DNA giving room for more conventional and arbitrary effect on all stakeholders. Ethics usually centers on conduct or ethical evils that occur in a company, world or any business enterprise. The conduct is thus analyzed from the position of an individuals behavior or organizational behavior in general. It so essential that any time the firms morale standards are polished, the customers attitude and that of the society as a whole is positive towards the firm. Henceforth, the income accumulated form the sales are excessively likely to remain at all times high. For example I n the current world, large(p) corporations opera ting internationally support their companies image with ethical standards and social responsibility bonds. In the past and even in the contemporary world, business involved inhuman activities like human trafficking, colonialism and slavery, this type of business only met the benefits o f one party against the other. However, with the emergence of business ethics, the world of business has been transform to a point where the demands of both parties are achieved without interfering with human rights as suggested by Trevino and Nelson (147). Therefore a company is required to make as much(prenominal) profits as it can as it conforms to the ethical guidelines of the society both those set in the law and those personified under customary ethics. Ethics and social responsibility overcomes every aspect, small of big in international business. The following are some of the practical business areas where this is a main concern Management system A great level of sustainable success is attainable in an employee/customer facilitating environment. Where employees, consumers and suppliers are treated kindly, their

Monday, June 17, 2019

How might economic globalization help to reduce poverty and Essay

How might economic globalization help to reduce poverty and inequalities within and among countries - Essay ExampleIndeed, it is globalization in terms of wad and the actions of multilateral organizations, which create variations among different states.Globally, there is economic disparity among different countries, which is dependent on the level of development (Bertucci and Alberti 1). In addition, each country has rules governing trade and foreign direct investments, which also differ from one country to another. Notably, the stringent disposition of the rules determines the level of interaction between the country and others (Bertucci and Alberti 1). thitherfore could create room and freedom for investment, or drive the potential investors away. In essence, the restructuring the rules in favor of trade and FDI, could enable them to contribute more directly and positively to reductions in poverty and inequality worldwide. Furthermore, the rules should also favor the host countr y, where such trade and FDIs take place.There are significant contributions that the investments and trade have in reducing poverty and equality. For example, trade opens opportunities for prospective entrepreneurs to exploit the local resources for export (Bertucci and Alberti 2). Through increase in exports, the country gets enough foreign exchange that could help it address its balance of payment.Considering foreign direct investments, the host country benefit from increase in commerce opportunities for its young graduates, taxes and duties they collect from the industries. Moreover, the country would reap from improvement in infrastructure such as road networks, communication and administration systems, among others (Wade 7). Wade also claimed that, if indeed, globalization was responsible for increasing inequality and poverty between, and within countries it would significantly reduce global demands and subsequently economic growth (Wade 16). The scenario would create

Sunday, June 16, 2019

To discuss, research and develop an argument which talks about the The Essay

To discuss, research and develop an argument which talks about the The American Dream - Essay ExampleOn the other hand, Kings magnetic variation of the American dream entailed freedom and equality between African Americans and whites. The following essay attempts to determine what it means moving to the United States today in an drift to achieve the American dream, as well as the myth surrounding its true benefits (Smith 71). The American dream is not an illusion but a truthfulness that is subject to different interpretations because of influence from the government, the media, and academia.Recent academic literature touches on the American Dream (Smith 44). Nearly all Americans are familiar with the concept by the time they finish high school. At the same time, familiarity with the concept does not help determine if the American Dream is achievable or an individuals misplaced idea of reality. What schools do not teach is that working hard to achieve the American Dream is the only way to overcome success barriers. almost literary works show how barriers can stop ones progress. Other literary works show that accomplishing anything is possible through persistent entrust and ambition. As a result, one only sees barriers for accomplishing the America Dream as an expected reality if one chooses influence from positive or negative literary works.Every generation has seen a multitude of immigrants in the United States full of applys of achieving the American Dream (Smith 71). Many immigrants desire jobs with suitable incomes and benefits that can lead to a successful life. A successful life can then see their families properly fed, roofed, and educated. Other immigrants seek to set up businesses in the United States, which they hope will grow to a multimillion-dollar empire and live amongst the white elite of America. These are two of the most common perceptions of the American Dream shared amongst immigrants. Stories of a handful of immigrants who came to the U nited States nearly decades ago with the same vision and

Saturday, June 15, 2019

Brand analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Brand analysis - Essay ExamplePhysicians categorize Advil as an anti-inflammatory drug with give away sex hormone content (NSAID). Advil pain reliever is a product manufactured in 1984 by the worlds largest multinational pharmaceutical company know as Pfizer in America (Bixby 1). From 1984 to date, Advil painkiller has faced market competition from separate painkiller drugs such as Vanquish and aspirin drugs, with acetaminophen being the major competitor in the pharmaceutical market.Advil precipitation drugs have been receiving high demands from local, regional, and international consumers ever since 1984 to 2013. The latter enhances an individuals perceptions on the positive relieving effects of the ibuprofen products to muscles and body pains. Advil has received numerous endorsements from families, sportsmen and women, and global physicians as the perfect pain reliever in relation to another(prenominal) painkillers in the market. However, the pharmaceutical market research on ove r-the-counter drugs (Dolcera Conference 51) has proven that, over the Advils marketing years in the fall in States it has met an effective advertisement and sales target, as an outstanding global pharmaceutical product industry. Dolcera provided the market study information on the Advils agonistical assessment, and advertising study of the prescription drug in the consumer market.From Dolcera Conference analysis by professionals, the compound annual growth of Advil painkiller drug with other OTC drugs in the market, from 2006 to 2014 to be 2.7% with 3.3% of the annual growth between 2006 to 2009, during a constant 2.7% annual growth rate from 2009 to 2014 (Bixby 1).However, new OTC consumer switch approvals from FND, points out Advil painkiller drugs as to receive high pharmaceutical approval over the years from 2007 to date in the consumer markets in USA (Nurses Drug sleepless 63). Advil drug type contains the following ingredients ibuprofen, pseudoephedrine Hcl and NDA, as to h ave the highest approval

Friday, June 14, 2019

News Article Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

News Article - Assignment ExampleThe reproductive system of both sexes is biochemically and anatomically formed in a way that they have the ability to produce new life to ensure perpetuation of life. It is unique that, among all the personate systems the reproductive system is the only body system which an individual may decide not to use to the fullest. Some individuals do not reproduce payable their own personal reasons.When sperms are produced by the penis and deposited in the vagina, they travel to the fallopian tubes. Through conception process one of them fuses with the ovum forming one single cell. At this stage the sex of the individual is determined and the screw up possesses all the genetic requirements. The 46 chromosomes that the baby receives from both parents will be with the individual for the whole of his/ her lifetime. No genetic addition will take place but more significantly nutrition and oxygen will be required for life to be sustained. Development of the baby in the mothers womb takes place in three trimesters. In the first trimester, dramatic and dynamic takes place. In trimester two, the baby prepares for survival outside the womb and in the third and last trimester, the baby develops the body organs and system and gains weight.The main purpose of the reproductive system is facts of life and this is done by giving birth to young ones. For fertilization to take place the sperm and the ovum from the male and the female respectively must unite. without delay conception takes place development starts and it takes place in three trimesters. The baby gets all the chromosomes from both parents and that is the number of chromosomes that an individual possesses in the whole of his or her lifetime.I learnt that the reproductive system is very significant in procreation. Creation of new beings occurs after fusion of the sperm and ova. in the developmental phases

Thursday, June 13, 2019

Community Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Community - Research Paper ExampleThe discussion involves contact information of the imaging, detailed type of sustenance given, and summary of the reasons for the selection of the resources. Family Justice Center Family Justice Center is a community resource center that is concerned with domestic violence. The judicature is located inwardly San Diego, calcium. The following are the contact details for the Family Justice Center (Familyjusticecenter.org) Address 707 Broadway, Suite 700, San Diego, CA 92101 Telephone 888-511-3522 Website http//www.familyjusticecenter.org Family Justice Center is a community resource organization that is involved in developing and supporting local families through giving hope to hurting families. The vision and military commission of the Family Justice Center revolve around creating a future environment where all the needs, especially of hurting families can easily be obtained via national and international coordination. Through Family Justice Ce nter, children are given the necessary protection, batters are charged with their actions, there is an urge to fade away violence, and increase economic justice amongst the victims (Familyjusticecenter.org). ... house.com) Address 2095 North Indian canon Drive Palm Springs, CA 92262, linked States Telephone 888-511-3522 Website http//www.michaelshouse.com/ Michaels House Drug & Alcohol intervention & Rehabilitation is a community resource organization that depends of chemicals to treat or meet the various needs of the addicted citizens in calcium and its environs. The resource organization was established in order to addressing various problems of individuals who call for special assistance and care in order to recover from their addiction. The main driving factor that constantly makes Michaels House Drug & Alcohol Treatment & Rehabilitation to continue to provide adequate and efficient assistance to addicts is the enhanced staff-client ratio by maintaining only 24 patients (Mic haelshouse.com). Brain Injury Association of California Brain Injury Association of California is a community resource organization located within Bakersfield in California that continues to provide adequate go to various individuals with brain injury. The following are the contact details of Brain Injury Association of California (Biausa.org) Address 1800 30th St., Suite 250 Bakersfield, CA 93301, United States Telephone (661) 872-4903 Website http//www.calbia.org/ Brain Injury Association of California is a non-profit making organization that is affiliated to Brain Injury Association of America with a mission and vision revolving aroid being the voice of brain injury whilst ensuring a world where brain injuries are significantly reduced. Brain Injury Association of Californias actions and resources towards the community are guided by the concepts of strong leadership, service to entire humanity, and integrity. Indeed, Brain Injury Association of California has been an

Wednesday, June 12, 2019

Block 6 (Week 11&12) Cardiovascular Physiology Exercise (Lab Exercise Lab Report

Block 6 (Week 11&12) Cardiovascular Physiology Exercise ( Exercise 6) - Lab Report ExampleThe period of time surrounded by the operationive refractory period and phase 4 is the relative refractory period. The refractory period of cardiac muscle is about 250 millisecondsalmost as long as the contraction of the means.Summation does not occur in the philia muscle contraction. The refractory period of the heart muscles is longer than that in the raddled muscles, therefore heart twitches do not overlap and hence increased (summed) ventricular contraction is not seen.Summation would result in more tidy contraction of the ventricle causing irregular high cardiac output. Heart might find it diffult to recvoer from this double-twitch, i.e. repolarization might take a long time. This irregular pumping of heart would cause dysrhythmia.Vagus nerves are the part of para-sympathetic nervous system and act by decreasing the heart pass judgment by direct effect on the SA and AV nodes in the h eart atrium. Parasympathetic stimulation by the vagal nerve endings in the atrium results in slowing down of the heart govern and can bring the cardiac output to almost zero.Vagus nerves are parasympathetic and supply to AV and SA nodes. Parasympathetic stimulation result in decrease in the heart rate and cardiac output. Since the vagal fibers are primarily distributed in the atria, they result in a decrease in the heart rate. Decrease in the heart rate along with slight decrease in ventricular contraction can decrease the cardiac output by 50%.The cardiac muscle has inherent autorhythmicity, i.e. they can generate the contraction activity automatically. However, the un-stimulated heart beats at a much slower rate and needs continuous sypathetic stimulation to maintain the nornal heart rate, i.e. 70 pulses a minute. Also, sympathetic stimulation increases the power of the ventricular contraction to as much as double the normal, thereby increasing the volume of blood pumped and incr easing the ejection pressure. The vagal nerve endings

Tuesday, June 11, 2019

Polynomial function Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Polynomial function - Assignment ExampleConclusion It is clear that the prediction about that nonic expression is line up. The graphical record will remain the same public treasury the infinite value of x. however, graph is not a straight inclined line, and thus hypothesis is not perfectly true.A part of the hypothesis is true as the graph of the nonic function is each case passes through the origin and lay in two quadrants. Moreover hypothesis is also true that it ranges from - to + however, the graph of the nonic function is not always a straight line. The graph may have three turning points and do not always remain a straight line. However, it will always remain in two quadrants.It is not possible to attain a solution for the nonic microscope stage polynomial expressions with the methods developed and intentional to solve the lower degree polynomial expressions. On the other hand, calculation by researchers and mathematicians are done only up to sixth degree polynomial expres sions. The solution of nonic degree polynomial involves the algebraic comparison with the symbolic equation of similar degree. The first step of the solution is the decomposition of the nonic degree expression in novel manner. The two factors attained as the result of decomposition of nonic degree expressions are fourth degree polynomial expression and other is fifth degree polynomial expression. The decompositions and factorization method that we will involve in the solution of nonic degree expressions will eventually give expression that can be lick in radicals

Monday, June 10, 2019

There are 3 parts in this assessment and i decided to write about Ipod Essay

There be 3 parts in this assessment and i decided to write about Ipod this product. The titles are in the assessment brief and pleas use them as the title for each part of the assessment - Essay ExampleIt is time that Apple makes a jaunt to intervene in iPods product life cycle (PLC). iPods first-movers value is waning, and fatalitys a revival of customer interests or find new ones (Abel, 2008).In todays fickle business environment characterised by changes such as new market development, technological innovation, regulatory requirements, and changing consumer behaviours, technology based companies like Apple need to harness factors that are within their control. Zook (2004) recommends that companies or smears should progress by simultaneously investing in current business and responding to the new opportunities. To achieve this, companies must run down the environment and evaluate its current marketing programme in order to revise its marketing strategies for achieving growth (McGrath 2001). In the following sections, the author shall study these aspects pertaining to Apples iPod brand particularly relating to the UK market, and offer recommendations for improvement.Every business must operate within its macro and micro environment. The micro environment refers to factors that operate and immediately linked with the trusty while the macro and competitive environment is the general factors that affect all firms. The environment can be evaluated so that the best opportunities can be capitalized to the advantage of the brand (Porter 1980). iPods macro and competitive environments are discussed as followsPolitical - The UK is undergoing tremendous social and political change which influences its consumers as well as businesses. The British monastic order has become more aware of their environment and their legal rights. They want the government to take active part in passing bills and implementing laws which have positive blow on the society, environment and the country at large. Even in technological innovation, they are concerned

Sunday, June 9, 2019

Improving passenger safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Improving passenger recourse - Essay ExampleThe majority of road crashes are as a outcome of human error such as exceeding speed limit, ignoring traffic rules and recourse systems such as seat belts among others. Improving passenger golosh in railroad cars is very important so as to sheer the injuries associated with car accidents. However, this alone will not assist in minimizing accident rates because improving car performance and increasing awareness of traffic rules among individuals will significantly help reducing the rate of car accidents. By increasing the car technical performance, vehicles safety and creating awareness on the same, we can definitely reduce the risk of car accidents and injuries. The purpose of this paper is to describe methods and practices that can improve car safety and reduce car accidents to save more passenger lives.Generally, there are various methods and practices that can be put in place to improve car safety and save many passengers from unne cessary accidents some of which include traffic rules and laws, engineering and traffic management among others (Bartley 14). The use of safety seat belt, airbags as well as routine car testing help in ensuring that vehicles provide a reasonable degree of car protection (Autotech 95 54). Arguably, improving passenger safety should be the first priority for every driver. The most effective way to guarantee passengers their safety is by being an attentive driver, that is, a good driver need to practice good driving habits because with these habits, they are more likely to avoid accidents. More so, they should ensure that all their safety systems are in dress and functional. Today, automobiles are properly designed and well equipped with advanced safety features that are very useful in protecting passengers from serious injuries or correct death in case of a car crash. It is always important to ensure that all these safety features are used correctly all the time. For instance, it i s

Saturday, June 8, 2019

Topic about non-pofit and non-governmental organizations Essay

Topic about non-pofit and non-governmental organizations - Essay ExampleThe greatest altercate confronted by NPOs today is the emergence of financial shortages posed by regular government cutbacks resulting in funders who prefer supporting short-term projects rather than long-term activities. NPOs vastly rely on their volunteers for various tasks such as fundraising, performing office works and other tasks related with the NPOs. Besides, the increasing contestation among the NPOs have resulted in change magnitude funding and raised various difficulties in acquiring corporate support. It has been majorly influenced by this aspect that the small non-profit organizations have emerged as the prime sufferers of the intense organizational competition (Stowe & Barr, 2005). Consequently, many NPOs have tailored programs limited towards meeting the needs of funders, only which has increased the risk of mission drift among both large and small NPOs (Cheng & Mohamed, 2010). In the similar co ntext, the structure of NGOs may take several forms such as large or small, bureaucratic or flexible as well as it may be practiced in an informal or formal form. NGOs largely rely on its supporters and volunteers as well as on its staffs with the inclination of availing adequate manpower in order to satisfy the organizational objectives. Similar to NPOs, funds are undeniable by the NGOs as well to support their beneficent operations (Australian Council for International Development, 2010). It is in this context that the fundraising costs of NGOs at times are observed to be problematic by a certain extent. Correspondingly, the activities related to fundraising of NGOs may be affected by inter-organizational factors including organizational values, resources and other external factors such as restrictions posed by government laws and regulations. The common fundraising sources that are take by organizations include government grants, roadside collections, special events, membersh ip and online donations among others (Cheng & Mohamed, 2010). NPOs and NGOs are important elements of any society that aims to benefit the citizens to raise their living standard and assay cooperation from other to help them in performing their tasks efficiently. Nonetheless, it is not an easy task for the organizations to conduct activities conveniently as several factors act as hindrances in this context. For instance, in the current era, human sympathies are often considered as insufficient for reforming societies or eliminating social causes such as poverty, illiteracy, and other social causes or rescuing people during inherent calamities rendering greater significance monetary values and economic benefits. Therefore, funds, as well as skilled and hard working staffs are also required in order to efficiently meet the challenges faced by the citizens of various nations (Australian Council for International Development, 2010). The organizations often obtain grants provided by go vernments and donations collected from various people and members which in most instances prove to be inadequate in meeting the financial requirements. Furthermore, with the increase in the human population, the vulnerability of unfavorable circumstances also tends to be increased. In this course, the organizations need to expand their area of

Friday, June 7, 2019

Gay Men Born Gay Essay Example for Free

Gay Men Born Gay EssayGay men often claim that even as children they knew they were somehow contrary from other boys. Many say that sense even preceded puberty. And yet, though researchers have tried for decades to identify a biological basis for homosexuality which seems to be act in all human societies they have closely come up dry. Tantalizing clues have surfaced gays ar more wantly to be left-handed, for instance.But in the end, there has been little proof that biology is sexual destiny. Now new research offers evidence that there whitethorn indeed be a physiological basis for sexual preference. In a study of 41 brains taken from people who died before age 60, Simon LeVay, a biologist at San Diegos Salk Institute for biological Studies, found that wizard tiny region in the brain of homosexual men was more like that in women than that in heterosexual men. Sexuality is an burning(prenominal) part of who we are, notes LeVay, who is gay. And now we have a specific par t of the brain to look at and to study. That specific part is found at the front of the hypothalamus in an area of the brain that is known to help regulate male sexual behavior. Within this site, LeVay looked at four different groupings of cells, skillfully referred to as the interstitial nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus, or INAH for short. Other researchers had already reported that INAH 2 and 3 were larger in men than in women. LeVay hypothesized that one or both of them might set out with sexual orientation as well.Routine autopsies provided the tissue LeVay needed. All 19 homosexual men had died of AIDS. So had six of the 16 presumed heterosexual men and one of the six women. Although LeVay hoped to include lesbians in his study, he was unable to obtain brains from women identified as such. After careful examination of the brain samples, he found that the INAH-3 areas of most of the women and homosexual men were around the same size. In straight men this region was on aver age twice as large or about the size of a grain of sand.In the past, practically research on sexual orientation has focused on the fibre of interpersonal relationships in archaean childhood. Psychological literature is replete with material suggesting that male homosexuality is triggered by relationships with an overly protective mother or with a distant, even hostile father. here(predicate) is a whole other way of looking at the question, says LeVay. These children may already be determined to become homosexual or heterosexual. The development formulate that is laid out for them may be what causes them to develop certain troubled relationships with their parents. LeVays findings are certain to trigger a good deal of controversy. Many technical aspects of the study are subject to question, as the author concedes. He cannot be certain, for instance, that all the heterosexual men in the control group were heterosexual.And since the AIDS virus attacks the brain, the size differe nce could be an artifact of the disease. It is also possible that the difference actually has nothing to do with sexual orientation or that it is the result quite a than the cause of homosexuality. (2 of 3) My freshman biology students know enough to sink this study, declares Anne Fausto-Sterling, professor of medical science at Brown University. Others are more receptive to LeVays work. It makes sense, says Laura Allen, a neuroanatomist at the University of California, Los Angeles. Finding a difference in the INAH, which influences male sexual behavior, is what one would expect. The finding also has social implications. People who believe that sexual orientation is a choice help legitimize discrimination against homosexuals, says Melissa Hines, a UCLA psychologist. But if it is immutable, or partly so, whence that argues for legal protections. The new study is the foster to find some sort of difference between the hypothalami of gay and straight men. Last year a Dutch research team discovered that some other group of neurons in this tiny gland is larger in homosexual than in straight men. But some scientists believe this structure governs daily rhythms earlier than sexual behavior, so it is difficult to see any significance in the finding. Investigations of right- and left-handedness have also provided evidence of a physiological distinction.Sandra Witelson, a professor of psychiatry at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ont. , has found more left-handers among homosexual women in her studies than among heterosexual women. Others have made the same observation among men. Since hand preference may be determined in part by the influence of sex hormones on the brain during gestation, Witelson believes these early hormonal influences could also play a role in sexual orientation. Animal studies provide a good deal of evidence for a biological basis of sexual orientation.Through careful treatment of hormone levels in newborn rats, Roger Gorski, a neuroendocri nologist at UCLA, has been able to produce male rodents that demonstrate feminine behavior. Other researchers, working with mice, have noted that pistillate fetuses that develop between two male fetuses in a litter appear to be masculinized to some degree by their brothers testosterone. They look more like males than females, mature more slowly, have fewer reproductive cycles as adults and are less attractive to male mice. In many species, particularly among mammals, homosexual-like activity is an built-in part of social interaction.As any cattle rancher can attest, cows frequently mount each other. Apparently this ensures that all the females coordinate their reproductive cycles and then produce their calves at the same time. Female rhesus monkeys mount other females as a way of establishing a dominant rank in their phalanx hierarchy. (3 of 3) Researchers estimate that a third of American males experiment sexually with each other during their teen years, even though approximatel y 9 out of 10 eventually settle into relationships with girls.But both men and women may switch gears later on or be bisexual throughout life. There are some people in whom sexual orientation does not maintain itself, says June Reinisch, director of the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender and Reproduction at atomic number 49 University. Its not a matter of what they prefer its whom they fall in love with. She cites the example of a woman who fell in love with and was married to a man for 10 years, then at the age of 30 fell in love with a woman and spent 11 years in that relationship, and at 41 fell in love with a man.Clearly, even if sexual orientation does have a biological basis in the brain, it is not necessarily fixed. All of us believe that genetic and hormonal influences are involved in homosexuality, says Reinisch, but theres also an interaction with the environment. Over the years much research on homosexuality has been motivated by a desire to eradicate the beh avior rather than understand, let alone celebrate, diversity.

Thursday, June 6, 2019

Prosperity of Australia Essay Example for Free

Prosperity of Australia EssayPresently thither are about 3. 6 million people who are funding on less than $A400 per week. Around two million Australians are living in poor conditions with only one earning person in a single family. well 700,000 children growing in families where none of both the parents have a full time job. Among the poorest only 20 per cent of population hold government service. The Democrats are debating on the issue of meagreness in Australia, with a concrete fact that over the past decades there has been a continuous economic growth in Australia despite of which the poor were worst effected and the prosperity of Australia has not reached the poor. This has been further supported by Government by reducing the incomes of many single parents and of handicapped people, which has contributed to the growth of higher poverty. Living in poverty is a struggle and affects families in physical and mental health. It can even be stated here that hearty families make a healthy society and societies make a state and healthy states make a healthy nation.The importance and significance of healthy families is much larger and plays a pivotal role in making a happier and prosperous nation. There are segregations about class living and direction such as middle class upper middle class, luxurious class and last, not least poor class which receive a minute attention in all aspects of health care, nutrition and in efforting to make both break offs meet which is a great function of governments to provide fare and shelter as a basic need for living.The pestilence of poverty is tiresome and requires a great amount of effort and hard work from the end of governments to create job opportunities, encouraging new small and big industries, encouraging basic education and providing some discounted facilities for further advancement in education, creating new and advanced career and job opportunities or self-employment schemes by providing small amount of fin ancial loans from banks to make a living for poor.As a matter of fact, how much ever so new jobs are created either in government, public or private sector, many people are still left not having a screw for job which means that public bodies cannot create jobs till the number of zero and it is for the unemployed to seek and find an area of source through which income can be generated on one side and on the other side, make a happy family.In this regard, computer technology offers a multiplex opportunities and with basic cognition of computer, unemployed can offer services of various kinds and can make a living by setting SOHO (Small office Home office) Such as this, there are many other professional methods to reduce poverty line and introduce better standards of living among poor people, viz., computer technical jobs, software product jobs, application jobs and other electronic communication jobs and even industrial and public sector labor jobs can be advantageous to create job o pportunities wherein with stripped-down education, jobs can be suitably found which would at least enable most of the family members to stay in jobs and endeavor to grow further for hike in salaries.However, these are not as easy as stated and it requires more efforts, job and employment schemes from Governments in the interest and prestige of nation.Otherwise, this would further deteriorate the standards of living of children, elderly and ageing couple, single parented families, young people and students and migrants. According to the survey conducted in the year 2001, there are 100,000 people who are homeless person and looking for home assistance. Poverty rate in cities is 10. 5 per cent and it is 12 per cent in other states and territories. It is also to be noted that 6 out of 10 poor Australians are living in capital cities which concludes a fact that both regional areas along with cities have to be every bit assisted in nurture of strategies to remove poverty.In March 2004, there were stringent efforts by Senate Community Affairs Committee has issued a report on poverty and financial hardship which stated that These key findings presented below serve to illustrate a compelling case that Australia will face a crisis of poverty and disadvantage in the coming years. They carry with them the implication that Australians are increasingly at risk of falling into poverty and indeed more so at one time than at anytime during the post-war era.What is most disturbing however is the common theme that while poverty is becoming more entrenched and more intractable, the Commonwealth is increasingly abrogating its responsibility to tackle this great indignity inflicted on the Australian people. The Senate Committee further recommended 95 strategies to be implemented in Australia. Some of the important recommendations are viz. , development of a strategy for providing national jobs, focusing on school education, work and training and how to advance in education witho ut deviating from work, research on skills, wages, where the shortage exists, the reasons for low-pay jobs, the problem of casual workers and job in auspices, a guaranteed work experience of six months for those who were without employment for a period of two years, provision of employment security and social security to casual workers by strengthening work environments and poverty proof wage system which has an economic measuring scale for adequate and satisfied living.

Wednesday, June 5, 2019

Recruiting Tanglewood Stores Essay Example for Free

Recruiting Tanglewood Stores EssayBased on the historical recruiting methods the Tanglewood stores have a couple of key issues associated with the hiring of natural employees in order to provide the customer service and run their organization in a profitable manner. The corporate executives need to establish an employment bell ringer message, and in like manner allow the regional managers to utilize the methods of recruitment and worry styles they believe work best in their geographic area (Inman, C. , Muller, C. 1996) First from a care prospective, there is not a unity of effort across the four regions as far as the hiring process is concerned. There are three alone(p) main lines of effort between the four locations. The managers of these regions should be given a certain amount of freedom to lead their divisions, focusing and standards should be provided from the corporate management of the organization (Inman, C. , Muller, C. 1996). This will admirer the organizatio n adjust to a changing technology while providing custom appeal to potential employees from each region. This will help develop an employment punctuate message with the public and encourage overall appeal to the company.This employment brand should be the focus of the corporate level managers. It is dependable to the organization, to give the regional managers the latitude to administer their hiring strategy the way they see fit. Although the cost of hiring an organization to locate and recruit talent for the region at flipper times the cost of three of the other methods of recruitment, if that is what it takes to hire individuals in that region the manager should be given the authority to utilize that method.The establishment of an employment brand message at the corporate level, which is especially important to the specialization of the Tanglewood stores in outdoor equipment, may reduce turnover among employees. The extensive turnover needs to be addressed at the regional echel on. Turnover is extremely expensive and must be minimized. The effective recruiting of motivated, knowledgeable individuals will minimize the expense of training and recruiting employees. The western regions method of utilizing referrals seems to fit the outdoor lifestyle business model the best.Finding employees that fit the mindset of the company result in the least(pre titulary) amount of turnover (Naeem Tariq, M. , Ramzan, M. , Riaz, A. 2013). Employees that are interested in and have a passion for the outdoors deally participate in these activities with like-minded individuals. Recruiting from this pool seems like a great source for employees. There is a risk that employees are seeking the reward from the company of 100 dollars. This risk is minimal given the nominal reward and the benefit of free advertising for the business.The Eastern and Northern Oregon region also have a fairly low cost method of recruiting through media. Depending on the type of media, this has a pote ntial to reach many potential applicants. It must be monitored for returns to ensure that money is not being indolent on unyielding sources. This could be accomplished with a simple survey on how the individual discovered the job or coding responses. This media can also target demographic groups that managers believe will make the best employees.The utilization of a staffing agency seems to be the least efficient method of recruiting employees that embrace the horticulture of the store and proved excellent customer service. If the employees are not willing to make a personal connection with customers based on a divided up passion this will affect profits (Puccinelli, N. M. et. al. 2013). Although the agency seeks individuals for the company, it is expensive and the agency is most likely not specialized to find applicants that fit the companys culture.Although this method may be useful to hire individuals with key KSAOs, it is probably not cost effective for hiring the floor associ ates. If the corporate level executives produce guidance and emphasize the employment brand message and the regional managers are given the freedom to administer their stores the way they see fit, the hiring process and retention would be greatly improved. An optimization of the hiring process will result in greater retention and increased profits (Naeem Tariq, M. , Ramzan, M. , Riaz, A. 2013).

Tuesday, June 4, 2019

The Interplay Of Structural Social Work Essay

The Interplay Of Structural Social Work EssaySocial work practice seeks to promote homo well-being and to redress human suffering and injustice..Such practice maintains a particular concern for those who argon most excluded from fond, economic or cultural processes and structures.Consequently, social work practice is a political activity and tensions between rights to care and control and self-determination are very much a professional concern(OConnor et al, 2006, p.1)The Brown family case study allow for be referred to throughout the essay in an attempt to explore and discuss the lived experiences of service users. With such an array of difficulties faced by the family, in order to be able to provide analysis and critique, some(prenominal) of these difficulties and their correlation within social work practice give not be explored. The essay will depart with examining the political background from Margaret Thatcher to the current Coalition government and emphasize their contin ued functionalist ideologies. It will also discuss sociological constructions of the family, meagerness, power, and managerialism.The prolific cases of the deaths of Victoria Climbi and Baby P led to such media scrutiny and a downward turn in public perception of social workers. As a result, this has led to changes in social work practice with tikeren and families.Due to the current austerity measures, social workers gatekeeping of resources and having to bear on stringent thresholds often result in limitations being put on families and creating what ..describes as a revolving door syndrome. The Brown case study refers to on that point being intermittent involvement from social services over several years, which supports the ghost of a revolving door syndrome. Although the case study is not explicit, I think it would be safe to assume that issues faced by the Brown family may gull suggested that they meet the section 47 threshold conform out in the Children Act which would ha ve triggered social work involvement with the family. However, if the involvement has been intermittent, this would suggest that once large risk had diminished the involvement with the family was stopped which suggest risk led practice was employed rather than a needs led (Axford, 2010).Munros recent brush up of child protection (2011) included 15 recommendations. There is not scope to discuss each recommendation but she urges the government to bury that there will inevitably be an element of uncertainty, to allow professionals to have a greater freedom to use their professional judgement and expertise, and to reduce bureaucracy. The response from government is to accept 9 out of the 15 recommendations (DfE, 2011)PovertyThe case study highlights that the Brown family are dependent on well-being benefits and that they find it difficult to manage their finances. Therefore, they are essentially living in poverty. Poverty can be described as a complex occurrence that can be caused b y a range of issues which can result in inadequate resources. It impacts on childhoods, life chances and imposes costs on societyChild poverty costs the UK at least(prenominal) 25 billion a year, (equivalent to 2% of GDP) including 17 billion that could accrue to the Exchequer if child poverty were eradicated. Public spending to deal with the fallout of child poverty is about 12 billion a year, about 60% of which goes on personal social services, school education and police and criminal justice. (Hirsch, 2008 Joseph Rowntree Foundation,p.5) bollix up national studies have suggested that child poverty is not a natural occurrence. Moreover it is a political occurrence, the product of decisions and actions made by the government and society. charge concerning a addiction culture has filtered through different political parties and have been utilised with renewed enthusiasm since the formation of the coalition government in 2010. These assertions of dependency create propaganda about the attitudes of the workless and they give the wrong impression of the previous efforts of the Labour government to tackle child poverty who focus was to direct increased public assistance payments towards those people who are working in low paid jobs. The coalition is currently reducing benefit payments to families in work. As a result of these cuts, many children will evidently be thrust back into child poverty ().A possible contention is that the coalition government argue that they seek to come upon out the symptoms of poverty, rather than the causes. However, their analyses of the causes are at best partial or incomplete. While in-work poverty is acknowledged, it is often buried beneath the rhetoric of welfare dependency (ESRC, 2011). The suggestion that previous methods to tackle child poverty have inevitably robbed people of their own responsibility and therefore led them to become dependent on the welfare state that simply hands out cash is absurd (Minujin Nandy, 2012) .Work is frequently referred to as the favoured route out of poverty. Although the government have introduced numerous policies to make work pay there are countless families that still do not earn enough money to attempt to lift their family out of poverty (Barnardos, 2009). More than half of all children currently living in poverty have a parent in paid work (DWP, 2009). The Brown family have both parents out of work, with Anne having never been in paid work and Craig struggling to find regular employment since leaving the Army 8 years ago. some(prenominal) parents have literacy difficulties and so require a complex package of support to enable them to improve their life chances of gaining employment that pays above the minimum wage in order for their family to no longer be living in poverty.According to the code of practice (HCPC, 2012) social workers are required toAs mentioned previously, successive modern Liberal governments uphold a functionalist ideology that frequently loc ates poverty in terms of personal responsibility and deficits.ManagerialismAs mentioned previously, services have changes over the gone 20 years and this can be explained by the emergence of a managerial approach to how services are being delivered. Intrinsically, managerialism is a basic set of ideas that transpired from the New Right criticisms of welfare and is founded on the notion that public services need to be managed in the same way as profit-making organisations (Harris Unwin, 2009). In the UK there has been a rise in managerialism which can often lead to weakening the role and autonomy of social work practice. In the pursuit of becoming responsible and impartial, managers are attempting to control or prescribe practice in increasing detail which inexorably leads to reducing the opportunity for practitioners to implement individual reasoning. As a result, this leads to policies that represent rules that can often be described as inept and insensitive for the service user . Therefore, the tussle between the managerial and the professional control in social work practice is often a contested issue (Munro, 2008). As managerialism takes more control, then a shift towards defensive practice develops which results in procedures that are insensitive to the needs of families. In essence, the professional role of a social worker can be progressively reduced to a bureaucrat with no possibility for expertise or personalised responsesIn addition, a managerial approach causes conflict, as it emphasises the need for targets that will assess performance and the deliverance of services (Brotherton et al, 20120). Furthermore, there is a correlation with an apparent distrust or autonomy of professionals. This has led to an upsurge in scrutiny by a manikin of inspection bodies such as Ofsted and this has been extremely significant in the area of child protection following the high-profile cases of the deaths of Victoria Climbi and Peter Connolly.

Monday, June 3, 2019

River Water Pollution At Langkawi Island Environmental Sciences Essay

River peeing contaminant At Langkawi Island Environmental Sciences EssayIncreasing deficit of piddle in developing countries has made river wet gauge evaluation a relevant issue in recent years (Ongley, 1998). The sur seem pee quality is a matter of serious concern today. Rivers due to their role in carrying off the municipal and industrial waste body of water and run-off from agricultural land in their vast drainage basins are among the closely vulnerable water bodies to defilement. The surface water quality in a component is largely determined both(prenominal) by the subjective processes (precipitation rate, weathering processes, and soil erosion) and the anthropogenic influences viz. urban, industrial and agricultural activities and increasing exploitation of water resources (Carpenter et al., 1998 and Jarvie et al., 1998). Pollution of surface water with toxic chemical substances and superfluous nutrients, resulting from storm water runoff, vadose zone leaching, an d groundwater discharges, has been an issue of worldwide surroundingsal concern. With an change magnituded to a lower placestanding of the importance of drinking water quality to public health and in the altogether water quality to aquatic flavor, there is a great need to assess surface water quality (Campbell et al., 1993).APHA (1985), state that the use of water increases with utilize population putting increasing strain in the water resources. In 1975, total global use of water was just under 4000 km3 per year, and this is expected to increase about 6000 km3 per year by the year 2000. Averaged on a global scaled, about 70% of this water is used in the agricultural welkin, 20% by industry, and 10% for domestic purposes. Nowadays, there acquire a problem in finding adequate supplies of freshwater to meet our needs and maintaining its quality. Eventhough water availability is non a problem on a global scale, it may be a problem in finding high quality of freshwater at tha t required place in the required quantity.In Malaysia, 97% of water resources came from river. River great deal be delimit as whatever natural stream of water that flows in a channel with defined banks. Malaysia is situated in among longitude vitamin C and 119 East and latitude 1 and 7 North covers a region on the subject of 329.733 km2 of land which include West Malaysia and the states of Sabah and Sarawak. The annual typical rain give-up the ghost is 3000mm that contributes to a projected annual water resource of about 900 one million million million m3 (UNEP, 2002 FAO, 2005). Those rainfalls are stored in river, lake or either new(prenominal) water storage as water resources. The major water demand comes from irrigation for agricultural purposes as surface as domestic and industry use (UNDP, 2005).Problem StatementAs the important channel of substance cycle in biosphere, a whole river eco-system should ingest the meshs of providing the food and water for living, industr y and agriculture, amusement, shipping and commerce. Over the past century, it befool been being seriously destroyed by various human activities including contaminant discharge, damming, set riverside, destroying vegetation in the riparian zone and etc., resulting in deterioration of water environment, degradation of biological communities and riverbed atrophying. Therefore, the restoration and maintenance of healthy river ecosystems have become important objective of river management (Norris and Thoms, 1999).The development in Malaysia has lead to various kinds of environmental problems. Human activities much(prenominal) as industrialization, aquaculture activities, and urbanization caused a lot of taint and damage the environment silently. According to the Department of Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia, these activities can produce the anthropogenic pollutants and would be endangered the coastal environment (Chester and Stoner 1974 Ismail et al. 1993, 1995 Ismail and Idris 1996 legality and Singh 1991 Yap et al. 2002, 2003).The seriousness of heavy metals leads the marine environmental pollution to be recognized as a serious matter to human health concern. industrial and agricultural activities were reported to be the leading voltage source of the accumulation of pollutants in the aquatic environment including the sea (Freedman, 1989 Gmgm et al., 1994 Nimmo et al., 1998 Barlas, 1999 Tarra-Wahlberg et al., 2001 Akif et al., 2002 Jordao et al., 2002).The import of StudyLangkawi Island is one of the most attractive ecotourism spot in Malaysia with swell up diverse marine lives hence attracting thousands of phaetons every year. To support the increasing public figure of tourist visiting the Langkawi Island, more development were made along the shore line such as hotels, resorts, jetties, shopping mall, and marine recreational facilities. This extensive type of development contributes to the direct impact on the product ivity of the marine environment ecosystem and would cause pollution such as heavy metals pollution into the coastal and adjacent line of business (White, 1988).Langkawi is located in the northern west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, bordering the south of Thailand -off the coast of Kedah and is made up of 99 islands when the tide is high and 104 islands when the tide is low. The largest of the islands is Pulau Langkawi with an field of honor of about 478.5 km2. Research on the geological resources and landscapes of Langkawi Islands has revealed the great geotourism potential of the island system. Comprising the oldest rocks and the most complete Paleozoic Mesozoic sequence of sedimentary formations, the Langkawi rocks tell the story of the start out of the Malaysian Land. Diverse scientific records, fossil beds, geological structure and outstanding landforms further make Langkawi a living museum where visitors are able to directly give a potential natural world heritage site. Con servation of geosites and geotopes are absolutely necessary, in the form of geological park, geological monument, protected site and well-favoured landscape, to sustain its ecotourism activities (Ibrahim Komoo Kadderi Md Desa, 1989).Langkawi is one of the most beautiful islands group in Malaysia. Apart from having a distinct and unequalled morphological feature such as Machinchang ridge and karstic morphology in the limestone area, there are a lot of other interesting geological features. Among those are located in the already familiar tourist sites, such as Pantai Pasir Hitam, Telaga Tujuh, Pantai Pasir Tengkorak, Telaga Air Hangat, Gunung Raya and Tasik Dayang Bunting. The geological features of those sites are described and is proposed to be made available in the pamphlet forms or placed at sites as geoinformation boards to increase the tourist geological understanding when they visit those sites. Apart from that, there are also many another(prenominal) localities with inter esting, as well as unique or rare geological features which are not easily found in other parts of Malaysia. All these localities are of very high potential to be promoted as new geotourism spots. Since the Langkawi Islands is very rich in either already popular or potential geotourism localities, a number of geotourism carts is proposed. Each trail could be reach either by land or sea and may be visited in one day trip (Ibrahim Komoo Hamzah Mohamad, 1993).According to Ibrahim Komoo Kadderi Md Desa (1989), the rocks of Setul system are commonly found in the eastern part of Langkawi Island. Based on the change in strikes and dips of the bedding plane of the limestone, it is interpreted that the Setul Formation was folded regionally. Field observations indicate that the structures in the detrital members of the formation are more complicated than in the limestone. The limestone of this formation was faulted as well as folded. The well-known Kisap Thrust gaolbreak was interpreted to play very important role in controlling the rock distributions in this area, which separates the Lower Paleozoic from the Upper Paleozoic rocks.Therefore, these study should be done as well as many human activities, directly or indirectly, lead to modification of the river and its basin which produce changes in the aquatic environment of the river water. Increased access to improved water sources has been a powerful factor in improving health and also in attracting the tourists visiting the Langkawi Island. On the other hand, it also may maintain the geological resources and landscapes of Langkawi Islands.ObjectivesThe aims of this study areTo determine the concentration of selected ions for selected river water at Langkawi Island.To classify the water quality status at Langkawi Island flooringd on water quality index (WQI).To evaluated the origin of pollution sources at Langkawi Island.Scope of StudyThis study involves the determination of selected ions (Na, K, Mg, Ca and Cl) b y using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) at selected river in Langkawi Island. The research scope also extensive the classification of Langkawi river water status base on Water timber Index (WQI) Formula by Department of Environment.CHAPTER 2LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 The HydrologyWater is a vital element in human life and it is a renewable resource. According to Wan Ruslan (1994), water is essential for physiological existence, very much the same as every other living being does and for many other purposes such as agricultural, recreational, industrial, hydroelectric power, navigational, propagation of fish and other aquatic life, irrigation, etc.Generally, water quality means the standards of water trunk especially river for any beneficial uses. Water quality with a better index value indicates clean-cuter water luggage compartment. High water quality is commensurate for man and animals consumption compared to the low water quality. Water quality refers to the characteristics of a water supply that get out influence its suitability for a specific use, i.e. how well the water quality meets the needs of the consumer. Water quality status indicates the level of pollutant composition and thus relates to human activities (Anhar et al.1998 Mohd Kamil et al. 1997a 1997b). Water quality for various types of water body varies with input loads, flow rate and quantity of water (Mohd Kamil1991 Wan Nor Azmin et al.1997). River is one of the important water sources and is classified polluted when there are changes in their chemical and physical characteristics that make it unsuitable for any objective and function (Azizi et al. 1997). Pollution standards for each water body usually evaluated by quantity the value of selected water quality parameters. These parameters can be categorized as physical, chemical and biological.2.2 Water ScarcityWater has been dubbed the oil of the 21st century as its scarcity is more and more felt globally. Over the last 50 years, the worlds population had risen by more than two-and-a-half times to about 6.4 billion. At the same time, however, the demand for fresh water went up by four times (UNEP, 2002). The United Nations predicted that at this rate, up to 7 billion people in 60 countries may possibly face water scarcity by the year 2050. Without access to clean water, not only would public health suffer because of poor hygiene and sanitation, agricultural and industrial activities could also get disrupted.A report by UNEP (2002) also state that similar stresses have also been felt on the water resources in southeastern Asia. This is because economic development had generated greater demand for water from different sectors such as agriculture, industry and domestic users. The situation is likely to worsen in the future. As the regional population is expected to rise by an additional 250 million by 2025, per capita water will fall from 10,000 m3 to 6,700 m3. These trends pose several important questions that p olicy-makers would have to address.2.3 Water PollutionCommonly, water pollution is defined as physicochemical alteration in water that may gives effect to organisms (Chiras, 2001). These broadly take into story the variety of water sources including lakes, rivers, oceans, streams, and also groundwater. The sources of water pollution can be either natural (e. g. animal waste) or by human activities such as runoff of pesticides, herbicides, and feces from agricultural land (Lerner Lerner, 2009b).The majority of tropical islands have limited sources of freshwater, no surface water or streams and fully reliant on rainfall and groundwater recharge (Praveena et al., 2010). The inhabitants of these islands mostly depend on groundwater to meet their needs, particularly for drinking and tourism purposes. The demand for fresh water has been rising in reception to the increase of activities and development in tourism sector (Singh and Gupta, 1999 Aris et al., 2007).Numerous islands are expe riencing water anxiety at the current levels of groundwater extraction at an outstripping supply. The freshwater electron lens on islands may simply be overexploited or polluted and vulnerable to humour change, pressure of island resources and the related impacts to freshwater resources (Griggs and Peterson, 1993 Singh and Gupta, 1999 Climate Change, 2007).A report by EQR Malaysia in 2009 state that compared to 2008, there was a slight deterioration in river water quality. There was a reduction in a number of clean rivers compared with 2008. There were 306 clean rivers in 2009 as compared with 334 in 2008 while the number of slightly polluted rivers increased from 197 to 217. There was also an increased in the number of polluted rivers from 48 in 2008 to 54 in 2009. However, the quality of the marine environment with respect to coastal and estuarine areas was within normal variations compared with the Malaysian marine Water Quality Criteria and Standard (MWQCS). Figure 2.1 shows the trend of the river water quality for several years.Figure 2.1 River water quality trend (DOE, 2009)2.4 Water Pollution SourcesThe sources of water pollution can be categorized as point and non-point sources (DOE, 2009). Point sources include sewage treatment plants, manufacturing and agro-based industries, and animal farms. Non-point sources are mainly diffused sources such as agricultural activities and surface runoffs. EQR Malaysia 2009 by DOE state that in 2009, 20702 water pollution point sources were recorded. These comprise of manufacturing industries (976247.15%), sewage treatment plants (967646.74% inclusive of 736 profit Pump Stations), animal farms (7693.72%) and agro-based industries (4952.39%). Figure 2.2 shows the composition of water pollution sources by sector in 2009.Figure 2.2 Composition of water pollution sources by sector in 2009 (DOE, 2009).The decrease in the number of clean rivers were attributed to an increase in the number of polluting sources such as s ewage treatment plants, manufacturing industries, and palm oil mill around which contributed to high pollution loading. As in previous years, the major pollutants sight were signifier, NH3-N and SS. High BOD can be attributed to un enured or partially treated sewage and discharges from agro-based and manufacturing industries. The main sources of NH3-N were livestock farming and domestic sewage, whilst the sources of SS were from earthworks and land clearing activities (DOE, 2009).Freshwater resources in island currently have been increase in demand as it may simply be overexploited or polluted and vulnerable to mode change, pressure of island resources and the related impacts to freshwater resources (Griggs and Peterson, 1993 Singh and Gupta, 1999 Climate Change, 2007). The most significant and instantaneous consequences of climate change are increase in air temperature, increase in sea surface temperature, changes in rainfall (precipitation) patterns and more extreme weather co nditions (Tompkins et al., 2005). penetrable to climate change has become more frequent in various countries in the recent decade and Malaysia is not excluded from this phenomenon. Effects of climate change will alter the global hydrological cycle in terms of distribution and accessibility of regional water capital. A warmer climate with its increased climate variation will increase the risk of floods and droughts (Climate Change, 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1997).Changes in rainfall during rainy season reveal the groundwater recharge, as a sensitive function of the climatic factors, local geology, topography and land use (Dragoni and Sukhija, 2008). The islands complex and dynamic system will response dynamically in variable and complex ways to climate change (Watson et al., 1998). Most research on the possible impacts of climate change to the hydrologic cycle has been directed at forecasting the potential impacts to surface water, river discharge and quality. Nevertheless, fit in to Mokhtar et al. (2008), to protect valuable water resources, one must understand the natural evolution of water chemistry under natural water circulation processes in mixing with knowledge about the background of the study area. This is crucial for the evaluation and protection of water resources and in the assessment of water quality for creating threshold ions composition in natural water.2.5 Water Quality IndexWater quality index (WQI) act as a marker of water quality change and be able to indicate the effects of these changes on potential water use. The WQI serves as the basis for environmental assessment of a waterway in relative to pollution load categorization and designation of classes of valuable uses as provided under the National Water Quality Standards (NWQS) ( dodge 2.1 Table 2.2).The Water Quality Index (WQI) lives of six (6) parameters which are Dissolved type O (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), chemic Oxygen Demand (COD), Ammoniacal N itrogen (NH3-N), Suspended Solids (SS) and pH. Water classes and uses were shown in Table 2.3. hero sandwich INDEX WATER QUALITY INDEXINDEX RANGECLEANSLIGHTLY POLLUTEDPOLLUTEDBOD91 10080 900 79NH3-N92 10071 910 70SS76 10070 750 69WQI81 10060 800 59Table 2.1 Water Quality Classification Based On WQI (DOE, 2009)Table 2.2 DOE Water Quality Index Classification (DOE, 2009)PARAMETERUNITCLASSIII leashIVVNH3-Nmg/l0.1 0.30.3 0.90.9 2.72.7BODmg/l1 33 66 1212CODmg/l10 2525 5050 100100DOmg/l75 73 51 3pH7.06.0 7.05.0 6.05.0TSSmg/l25 5050 150150 300300WQI92.776.5 92.751.9 76.531.0 51.9Table 2.3 Water classes and Uses (DOE, 2009)CLASSUSESClass IConservation of natural environment.Water supply I lots no treatment necessary.Fishery I Very sensitive aquatic species.Class IIAWater supply II Conventional treatment required.Fishery II Sensitive aquatic species.Class IIBRecreational use with body contact.Class IIIWater supply III Extensive treatment required.Fishery III Common, of economic value and tolerant species livestock drinking.Class IVIrrigation.Class VNone of the above.2.6 Water Quality Index Parameter2.6.1 Dissolved Oxygen (DO)Oxygen is essential to all forms of aquatic life, including those organisms responsible for the self-purification processes in natural waters. Low levels of DO are indicative of greater pollution in the river. Pollution can cause DO concentration to drop below the necessary level to maintain healthy biota (Radojevic Bashkin, 2006). DO can also be expressed in terms of percentage saturation, and levels less than 80 per cent saturation in drinking water can usually be detected by consumers as a result of poor odour and taste (Chapman, 1996).According to Laenen and Dunnette (1997), DO is a good indicator of the overall ecological health of a river. Although other indicators also signify general river health, an adequate supply of oxygen is essential for animal life. For many species of fish, DO levels below 6 mg /L for any length if time can be lethal.2.6.2 Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD)Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is the mass of dissolved molecular oxygen which is needed by microorganisms for the oxidation and conversion of organic substances in a ideal (20C) of water under defined conditions and within a defined period of time (index n in days and hours) (Fresenius Schneider, 1988). Fresenius Schneider (1988) also state that standardized laboratory procedures are used to determine BOD by measuring the amount of oxygen consumed after incubating the sample in the dark at a specified temperature, which is usually 20C, for a specific period of time, usually five days. This gives rise to the commonly used term BOD5.BOD measurements are usually lower than COD measurements. Unpolluted water typically have BOD determine of 2 mg/L O2 or less, whereas those receiving wastewaters may have values up to 10 mg/L O2 or more, particularly weedy to the point of wastewater discharge. Raw sewage h as a BOD of about 600 mg/L O2, whereas treated sewage outflowings have BOD values ranging from 20 to 100 mg/L O2 depending on the level of treatment applied. Industrial wastes may have BOD values up to 25,000 mg/L O2 (Chapman, 1996).2.6.3 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is a measure of the oxygen equivalent of the organic matter in a water sample that is susceptible to oxidation by a strong chemical oxidant (e. g. dichromate). The COD is widely used as a measure of the susceptibility to oxidation of the organic and inorganic materials present in the water bodies and in the effluents from sewage and industrial plants. Correspondingly, it does not indicate the total organic carbon present since around organic compounds are not oxidized by the dichromate method whereas some inorganic compounds are oxidized. However, COD is a useful, rapidly measured, variable for many industrial wastes and has been in use for several decades (Chapman, 1996).2.6.4 Ammoniacal N itrogen (NH3-N)The presence of ammonium ions in water is connected to the process of the biochemical decomposition of protein substances contained in household and industrial sewage (Chan, 2002).Ammonium ion is in equilibrium with dissolved oxygen in any aqueous solution. All nitrogen that exists either as ion or in equilibrium with NH3 is considered to be ammonia-nitrogen. The relative value for NH3 varies from 0.1 to 5.0% of total sum of ammonium and ammonia at typical pH value of 6-8 and temperature between 5-30C (Radojevic Bashkin, 2006). According to report by DOE (2009), the main sources of NH3-N were livestock farming and domestic sewage.2.6.5 Suspended Solids (SS)Suspended solids are matter held in prison-breaking in the water or wastewater and retained by a filter (Chan, 2002). The type and concentration of suspended solids controls the turbidity and transparency of the water. Suspended solids consist of silt, clay, fine particles of organic and inorganic matter, soluble organic compounds, plankton and other microscopic organisms. Such particles differ in size from approximately 10nm in diameter to 0.1mm in diameter (Chapman, 1996).2.6.6 pHpH is important in natural waters and in water treatment. Aquatic organisms are sensitive to pH changes and require a pH of 6 to 9. The pH is an important variable in water quality assessment as it influences many biological and chemical processes within a water body and all processes associated with water supply and treatment. When measuring the effects of an effluent discharge, it can be used to assist determine the extent of the effluent plume in the water body.Generally, pH is a measure of the acid balance of a solution and is defined as the negative of the logarithm to the base 10 of hydrogen ion (H+) concentration. The pH scale runs from 1 to 14 (i.e. very acidic to very alkaline), with pH 7 representing a neutral condition. At any given temperature, pH (or the H+ activity) indicates the intensity of the aci dic or basic character of a solution and is controlled by the dissolved chemical compounds and biochemical processes in the solution. In unpolluted waters, pH is principally controlled by the balance between the carbon dioxide, carbonate and bicarbonate ions as well as other natural compounds (e. g. humic and fulvic acids). Unpolluted water usually gives the neutral pH value or slightly alkaline. The natural acid-base balance of a water body can be affected by industrial effluents and atmospheric deposition of acid-forming substances. Changes in pH can indicate the presence of certain effluents, particularly when unendingly measured and recorded, together with the conductivity of a water body. Variations in pH can be caused by the photosynthesis and respiration cycles of algae in eutrophic waters. The pH of most natural waters is between 6.0 to 8.5, although lower values can occur in dilute waters high in organic content, and higher values in eutrophic waters, groundwater brines an d salt lakes (Chapman, 1996 Jonnalagadda et al., 2001).2.7 Previous Study on River Water Quality StatusWater Quality Index (WQI) value are inconsistent based on the activity and the sources of the impurity. A report by Yusoff Haron (1999), the study of river water quality status of Ayer Hitam Forest Selangor showed that the upstream water quality was better than the downstream river water quality throughout the phase of sampling. The study shows clearly that as the river flows from uninterrupted (upstream) to the distressed environment (downstream), the physicochemical characteristics vary and thus degrades the water quality status. The value of water quality index based on the DOE-WQI was in the ranged 89.6 99.8. Thus indicate that the water quality status within the region fall under Class I and II. It reveals that there is a close relationship between the river water quality and the land use pattern within the vicinity of the sampling stations. Besides development activities, natural factors such as organic matter decomposition may also contribute and hence influence the river water quality in the study area.Refer to Suratman et al. (2005), river profile status in Ibai River Basin have value of WQI in between 65.0 85.4, which have been categorize under Class II with slightly polluted water status. The major activities that contribute to the decline of water quality are the contribution of domestic sewage from residential and from the small workshops. Table 2.4 below shows some previous study done by researchers on river water quality status at different location.Table 2.4 Previous study of WQI in MalaysiaStudy AreaWQI Value