Frankenstein :: essays research papers

The Lasting Impressions of Frankenstein &9Frankenstein has had a lasting impression on audiences since its publication in 1818. This chronic popularity is for many reasons. On the simplest level, Frankenstein is a novel that shows audiences there is a way to defy death, but on a deeper level it reveals many things about humane nature and emotion. This is why I feel the novel has persevered through so many years and still enjoys wide popularity.&9Beginning on the simplest level, Frankenstein is a novel about how to defy death. Human kind has been fascinated with this notion since the beginning of time. One only has to look at the ancient Egyptians and their belief of the afterlife, on with many other cultures and their beliefs of a life after death to see that overcoming death has fascinated people for centuries. This fascination can be looked at on several levels. First of all, death is frightening. It is something that is not understood completely by humans. Humans are scared of what they do not understand. This is portrayed in Frankenstein when the putz is shunned by society simply because he looked different from them and they did not understand him. People are scared of what they do not understand, which is why they were frightened by Victors creature. The desire to understand death leads to the desire to control it. Even though death is something that is out of the control of humans, human nature has the excite to be in control of everything. The novel Frankenstein fascinates people because death has been overcome, at least that is how it appears in the beginning. Even Victor himself is fascinated with death. In Volume 1 of the novel, Victor talks of his fascination with the human form and its decay after death. "I saw how the fine form of man was degraded and wasted I beheld the corruption of death succeed to the blooming cheek of life I saw how the worm inherited the wonders of the eye and brain" (931). Being able to realise life from s omething that is non-living is just like cheating death. You have control over it, which is what humans want in the first place. It is for all these reasons that Frankenstein has enjoyed continuing popularity throughout the years.Immortality has big been a goal of many humans and stories of it have intrigued people for ages.

An Unforgettable Teaching Experience :: Personal Narrative Essays

It was an extremely sweltering hot afternoon. I started my conformation with the three kids from a fairly big family. The kitchen was to a fault noisy for me to conduct my class actually but I had adapted to this teaching atmosphere and as usual I started to teach their youngest sister Emily and subsequent his two elder brothers John and Jack in turn. I was quite comfort with her demurely manner. John is a retarded child since he was born. He is still learning the very simple calculation of a year ones child and had difficulty in learning ABC. His brother is even worse mop up than him. Besides the mathematics that puzzling him forever, he has a very queer habit that is he would sharpen his pencils up to two dozens before my class ended and he always lost his stationary or belongings after each schools day. He even past motion or urine in front of his classmates. I was once get annoyed when I accidentally stepped on his faeces. I personally considered myse lf a thoughtful and diligent teacher. I tried my best to open the generation-gap between us. I wish and try to keep on loving them . But today is a very unusual day . I blamed the hot weather that aroused his suspicion and despised his ability in the calculation given to him. He hanged my explanation and keep to ignore my teaching even though I hauled them over the coals. For nearly and hour , no sum nor words were written. Visibly the papers and his mind was mindless too. In my mind, I am paid to conduct this class and I have to finish my designated assignments with them to be said as a diligent teacher. Without hesitation, I canned Johns brother and he who seemed to be caring of his younger brother Jack started to mutter in a low voice complaining that I shouldnt beat his brother. On hearing his grumble, his mother who has mentally-illness too approached him and started to tease his son saying that he doesnt has the ability to do such an easy sum at the age of 17.

Affirmative Action Essay -- Race Racism

As a Christian, I believe in trying my hardest to empathize with those in suffering and oppressiveness to the best of my every last(predicate) to human ability. If I am h anest with myself and God, more often than not I fail. My experiences in History 313 Black American History, declare left an indelible impact on me. One of the ongoing themes in our readings, lectures, videos and discussions has concerned Christianity and the Black American experience. Thus, I thought it fitting to write this account looking at affirmative save through a Christian perspective. Looking at affirmative actions original intent and final goals from a Christian perspective is highly fruitful because it allows honest discussion to take place without fear of partisan bias or special perquisite for one race over another, which in turn makes it easier to talk about practical solutions. Before I say anything else, I would like to say tether very important things. First, I am not African-America n. Second, I believe all people are people. And third, I in no way, shape or form represent all Christian views on this topic. Speaking for all Christianity is beyond my ability no matter what the topic. My experiences are just like anyone elses in that they are unique, but limited. Thus, I can only speak of being Christian personally in America. And even then, I cannot speak for all of American Christianity because I only dwell what it feels like to be an American Christian with German, Norwegian and Swedish blood running through my veins. However, if I occupy empathy and compassion I can urinate at least some idea of the suffering that exists when it occurs to someone besides myself, especially since my own spiritual journey has been anything but smooth. And though ... ...re much to bighearted to be fixed by a short essay. As mentioned before I am not African-American. Thus, I do not consider my thoughts lordly on this subject. Still, I believe that people, regard less of the color of our skin, our willing to do as Jesus did and forgive one another for past transgressions and replace aggression with love for the sake of a brighter future. James Baldwin urged his readers to, Cease fleeing from reality and begin to change it. In that spirit I close with a quote from a speech given by Robert F. Kennedy on the night that Martin Luther King Jr. was tragically and unnecessarily shot and killed. allow us ordinate ourselves to what the Greeks wrote so more years ago to tame the savageness of man and make gentle the life of this world. Let us dedicate ourselves to that, and say a prayer for our coarse and for our people. Affirmative Action Essay -- Race RacismAs a Christian, I believe in trying my hardest to empathize with those in suffering and oppression to the best of my all to human ability. If I am honest with myself and God, more often than not I fail. My experiences in History 313 Black American History, have le ft an indelible impact on me. One of the ongoing themes in our readings, lectures, videos and discussions has concerned Christianity and the Black American experience. Thus, I thought it fitting to write this paper looking at affirmative action through a Christian perspective. Looking at affirmative actions original intent and ultimate goals from a Christian perspective is extremely fruitful because it allows honest discussion to take place without fear of partisan bias or special privilege for one race over another, which in turn makes it easier to talk about practical solutions. Before I say anything else, I would like to say three very important things. First, I am not African-American. Second, I believe all people are people. And third, I in no way, shape or form represent all Christian views on this topic. Speaking for all Christianity is beyond my ability no matter what the topic. My experiences are just like anyone elses in that they are unique, but limited. Thus, I can only speak of being Christian personally in America. And even then, I cannot speak for all of American Christianity because I only know what it feels like to be an American Christian with German, Norwegian and Swedish blood running through my veins. However, if I employ empathy and compassion I can have at least some idea of the suffering that exists when it occurs to someone besides myself, especially since my own spiritual journey has been anything but smooth. And though ... ...re much to big to be fixed by a short essay. As mentioned before I am not African-American. Thus, I do not consider my thoughts authoritative on this subject. Still, I believe that people, regardless of the color of our skin, our willing to do as Jesus did and forgive one another for past transgressions and replace hostility with love for the sake of a brighter future. James Baldwin urged his readers to, Cease fleeing from reality and begin to change it. In that spirit I close with a quote f rom a speech given by Robert F. Kennedy on the night that Martin Luther King Jr. was tragically and unnecessarily shot and killed. Let us dedicate ourselves to what the Greeks wrote so many years ago to tame the savageness of man and make gentle the life of this world. Let us dedicate ourselves to that, and say a prayer for our country and for our people.

Assisted Suicide :: essays research papers

Assisted SuicideIn reaction to the law the Michigan Legislature recently passed outlawing assisted suicide, I found myself with many tangled feelings. I found myself often feeling bad for the patients Dr. Kevorkian thronet with but more often felt sorry for him that he should be responsible for so many deaths. It is a sad road to travel on when faced with a terminal disease. It includes many harsh realities and many ar not prepared to deal with their illness. There are many aspects I chose to look at when preparing to write this paper. A persons self-worth is one and also the doctors evaluation of a persons self-worth. I chose to take my stimulate personal stand on the issue, which includes my own opinions, feelings, and thoughts on the many controversies surrounding Euthanasia. I also chose to write about the "Slippery Slope" for I palpate it to be a very relevant and useful tool in looking at the topic of Euthanasia. This is a very interesting subject to me for I look ahead at the next few years of many painful deaths for a family that is getting very old. When looking at someones self-worthwhat they feel they fag end offer, you retain to put into perspective what they are dealing with. Of course, someone who is slowly dieing of a terminal disease is going to father their self-worth at virtually nothing. They are depressed and in pain and are not capable of doing things on their own any longer. What pride is there in that? Most people find none. On a more personal level, I would find pride in waking up each day, and in waking up each day trying to find something to smile about. I could find pride in knowing that even though I am dieingand I am in painthat I am still able to be strong for the people who love me. I find pride and dignity in that and that makes my self-worthsomething worth saving. I have been brought up in a Catholic family. Therefore, many of my opinions on controversial issues such as this stem from my upbringing. However, I ha ve been able to do the research and form my own opinions. And, even so, I still think assisted suicide is wrong. When one person is responsible for the fish fillet of another persons heart from beating, it should be considered murder. And, I equally agree that it shouldnt have taken a case where

Private Prisons Negativly Impact State and Local Governments Essay

Private prisons have a negative effect on states and local governments. Unfortunately, the number of private prisons has been increasing since their inception in 1983 causing further problems. For-profit prisons offer no real benefits and are bad investments for states. Furthermore, private prisons outfox communities with high turnover rates that hurt local economies. The demands of these institutions put an excessive burden on the local communitys infrastructure. Similarly, private prisons strain the county and urban center legal systems. More often than not, spin-off industries and economic benefits promised by the for-profit correction industry fail to appear. Additionally, private prisons are allowed to cherry pick the least high-ticket(prenominal) inmates, leaving the more expensive inmates for the state. A number of studies financed by the private prison industry give the misconception that they save states m acey. More importantly, the need to make a profit is an incentive for private prison industry officials to engage in nefarious activities. Private prisons are correctional institutions ran by for-profit corporations. They claim to cost slight than prisons ran by the state, while offering the same level of service. In fact, the Corrections Corporation of America, one of the largest for-profit prison corporations, states that their business strategy is to provide quality corrections service while offering a better value to their government partners at the same time making a profit (CCA 2010). However, opponents of private prisons imagine they do not save states money because of their hidden cost. At any rate, more than a few states have found private prisons to be advantageous. For one reason, many states are facing massive deficits and are l... ...e-new-american-gold-mine/. Setti, Christopher. Prisons and Their Effect on Local Economies The Colorado Experience. University of Colorado, Denver 2001st ser. XLVII.3 (2001) 1-9. Print. Shapiro, David . Banking on Bondage Private Prisons and Mass Incarceration. Rep. naked York American Civil Liberties Union, 2011. Print. Smith, Abbe. Undue Process. The New York Times 31 Mar. 2013 BR21. Print. Urbina, Ian. Despite Red Flags About Judges, A Kickback Scheme Flourished. The New York Times 28 Mar. 2009 A1. Print. Wilder, Forrest. Jailbait. TexasObserver.org. 20 Oct. 2006. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. . Yeoman, Barry. Steel Town Lockdown. Mother Jones. May-June 2000. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. .

Private Prisons Negativly Impact State and Local Governments Essay

Private prisons have a negative effect on states and local governments. Unfortunately, the number of private prisons has been increasing since their inception in 1983 causing further problems. For-profit prisons offer no real benefits and are bad investments for states. Furthermore, private prisons beleaguer communities with high turnover rates that hurt local economies. The demands of these institutions point an excessive burden on the local communitys infrastructure. Similarly, private prisons strain the county and city legal systems. More often than not, spin-off industries and economic benefits promised by the for-profit correction industry fail to appear. Additionally, private prisons are allowed to cherry pick the least expensive inmates, leaving the more expensive inmates for the state. A number of studies financed by the private prison industry give the misconception that they save states money. More importantly, the need to make a profit is an incentive for private prison i ndustry officials to look at in nefarious activities. Private prisons are correctional institutions ran by for-profit corporations. They claim to cost less than prisons ran by the state, while offering the same level of service. In fact, the Corrections Corporation of America, one of the largest for-profit prison corporations, states that their business strategy is to provide quality corrections service while offering a better pass judgment to their government partners at the same time making a profit (CCA 2010). However, opponents of private prisons say they do not save states money because of their hidden cost. At any rate, more than a few states have found private prisons to be advantageous. For one reason, many states are facing massive deficits and are l... ...e-new-american-gold-mine/. Setti, Christopher. Prisons and Their movement on Local Economies The Colorado Experience. University of Colorado, Denver 2001st ser. XLVII.3 (2001) 1-9. Print. Shapiro, David. Banking on Bo ndage Private Prisons and Mass Incarceration. Rep. New York American Civil Liberties Union, 2011. Print. Smith, Abbe. Undue Process. The New York Times 31 Mar. 2013 BR21. Print. Urbina, Ian. Despite Red Flags About Judges, A Kickback Scheme Flourished. The New York Times 28 Mar. 2009 A1. Print. Wilder, Forrest. Jailbait. TexasObserver.org. 20 Oct. 2006. Web. 12 Sept. 2013. . Yeoman, Barry. Steel Town Lockdown. Mother Jones. May-June 2000. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. .

Reflection on Reading Essay

Looking Back In Order to Move Forward As a future elementary school instructor, I have al ports thought the task of teaching kids could be a rewarding and gratifying experience. However, I recently realized that in order to obtain these rewarding experiences the teacher and school-age childs must work hard and with determination. Learning to withdraw cornerst angiotensin converting enzyme be a very daunting task for a youngster. Therefore, as a teacher, it is your job to facilitate positive adaptation strategies from the start. Looking back at my experiences as an earlier reader, I can gain some insight as to what might patron or hinder my future students.I believe that integrity of the near important things you can do for your minor is to start nurture to them at an early age. Before I even became a school aged child my m early(a) would sit on the couch with my brother and I just after lunch and read books. almosttimes it was a favorite book that we had picked and other times they were early reader books like Dick and Jane. I remember being snuggled up on the couch helping her point to the rowing as she read along. Then at bed time she would read aloud from a chapter book. My brother and I would eagerly open our minds to the words as they came off the page.Some of my favorableest memories as a child are listening to my mother read Charlottes Web and Stuart Little to us. Since I consider reading to a child one the best ways to open their imagination to new worlds, I fully intend to different forms of literature into my classroom. I find by let oning an adult read aloud to a child, the child is then able to properly hear and feel the authors intentions for musical note and emotion of his or her book. I dont think you are ever too old to sit and listen to a book, especially if you can open up a childs mind to a book that he or she would never pick up on their cause accord.I firmly believe that my mother laid the foundation for better success onc e I entered elementary school. My elementary school experience belike started out a little different than most kids. I lived in a little valley in East Napa County which currently has a population of 488. I sense that the population has stayed around 500 people since I was little. As I entered elementary school the class sizes were extremely small. In fact the school only had three classrooms total for grades kindergarten through eighth grade.My commencement ceremony teacher taught kindergarten through the 2nd grade allin one classroom, while 3rd-5th was taught in the second classroom and 6th-8th in the last classroom. I had 4 other students in kindergarten with me at the time, a girl and three boys. Some might think this to be the ideal situation because of the attention that each student would get. However, I felt the complete opposite. The teacher was constantly busy essay to make sure the curriculum for each grade level was being taught and there was very little time for stud ents that were struggling. I remember being charge into groups and given workbook pages with very little instruction or guidance as to what was expected.Many of the boys had trouble with this approach and needed more guidance to get started in their tasks. The teacher a great deal mistook the fact that they did not fully comprehend what was expected of them on the workbook pages as disobedience, which often lead to punishment. In order to curb the emf for punishment, the students who excelled helped those who struggled. I dont real think this environment is particularly beneficial to children in elementary school. However, there were some great things about this attainment environment that I really enjoyed.My teacher loved to bubble and play the guitar and brought her love into the classroom with her. Every morning we would get into a circle and sing songs with her. Some of the songs were just plain fun songs to sing, but many of the songs taught us letter sounds, and phonics. I remember loving circle time and singing the songs to my mamma when I got home from school. I believe that music can play an important part in helping children learn to read, and even though I am not a singer or musician I intend to use music in my classroom to enhance my students cultivation atmosphere.I feel learning the phonics of letters through the rhythms of music truly helped me as I began to sit down with my first readers. As I began applying what I was learning in the songs to some basic basal readers like Dick and Jane I was able to find patterns between the phonics in the songs and the words on the page. We had books that were themed each hebdomad with certain phonic sounds. The sound was then repeated throughout the book but in different words. We were able to take these books home and practice with our parents. I think that practice and repetition are key in continuing to recognize letters with their phonic sounds.I feel these books served the purpose of achieving go od reading skills for me as a child, and continue to be helpful to children today as they learn to read. There are two other techniques that my teacher used to help teach us how to read. One I consider to be a good strategy and the other I am not too fond of. The first approach was using a tape recorder and head sets. We would sit down with a book and follow along with our finger as a voice was reading the book to us in our ear. I think this particular approach works because it releases the anxiety and stress of having to pick obscure the words on a page in order to learn them.By following along they are able to develop listening skills and hear the correct pronunciation of the word and associate it with the word on the page. afterwards listening to the book, we were asked to answer a few questions about we had just listened, which gave us our first exposure to comprehension. I feel this method works fairly well but could be enhanced by taking five to ten minutes to ask the stude nts questions out loud about what they had just listened to, so they get accustomed to forming thoughts and speaking about books. The last tactic that my teacher used I found a little repressive.She would sit us down on the floor with sock puppets and speak to us in baby voices. Each workweek the puppets would present a new constant and vowel sound to us. I remember feeling a little disturbed, and telling my mom that my teacher was arduous to pretend like she was on Sesame Street. My mom reminded me that I did not take too kindly to the puppets, and that I found them rather babyish. In our textual matter book, Mosaic of Thought, Ellin writes that too often we draw negative conclusions about a childs ability to comprehend and think at soaring levels when the paradox is his or her ability to articulate that thinking.I believe that my teacher really underestimated her students ability to learn by teaching them with sock puppets. In all actuality, it really was not necessarily the sock puppets that really came into question, but the baby voices in which she used. These baby voices simulated that of someone talking to a yearling who is beginning to learn to speak. I think as children enter elementary school they want to feel important and what they are learning is significant, but I feel my teacher imposed the opposite effect on her student.She devalued the process of learning by speaking in baby voices and using puppets. After a few years my mom began to see the affects the school was having on my brother and I, and she decided to drive us thirty minutes each way to an elementary school in a nearby town. This change in atmosphere did wonders for both my brother and I, but the change did not happen until I was entering the 3rd grade. Once at this new school a whole new world opened up to me. We began reading newspapers, and sharing articles that we had read with the class.We started writing book reports and began to question what we were reading. I think the best part of the new school was having a whole classroom of students that were in the same grade. We were often separated into groups based on our reading level in order to read and discuss what we were reading. This helped my confidence tremendously. However it was not until I was in high school that the teachers began to try and teach participating reading strategies, by seeking out the meaning in books like Catcher in the Rye and a Wrinkle in Time.I struggled with these new concepts, and still do as an adult. I think I could have greatly benefitted from starting this process at a younger age. As a future teacher, and parent, I firmly believe that in order for a child to become an active reader, and really learn to love books we need to unlock their minds to all possible reading strategies. We must have them begin questioning books and theories early, so that they learn to be active readers. I also believe that students need a parent who is actively in tune with the childs learni ng process.When a parent shows the student how important reading is and shows gratitude towards progress being made, the child go out excel in his class work. I think as a future teacher I will use some of the tried and true strategies like listening stations, and bringing words alive with music and rhythm. However I will not be afraid to deviate from the norm and experiment beyond the workbook pages in order to connect with my students. One of my greatest joys is reading, and I hope one day I can bestow that upon young children.

Globalization and Industrialized Countries Essay

As globalization can be seen as being a condition resulting from a long history of international exploration, invasion and colonization, fuelled by economic, military, religious and political interests, and enabled through enormous developments in transport and communications technologies (Evans 199712). The industrialized environment has transformed drastically since the advent of globalization. Industrialized countries bedevil undertaken extreme restructuring by modifying their means of communication and synchronization of work activities.globalization has made it promise for companies to work on a real-time basis, whereby crossings and services atomic number 18 conveyed to the right place at the right time. Since then, globalization and information technology has propagated and has undergone significant improvements. Costs consume sustained to decline as these new technologies stupefy emerged. A business not supported by a web of computer systems (primary information techno logy) is more or less destined to fail, since it go forth be incapable to compete efficiently in todays complex and dynamic environment (Aiki S. 1991).Companies are not the only ones who have gained from advances in contemporary information technology. Consumers and interest groups have created strategic alliances and now capable to coordinate their activities as well as exchange ideas and thoughts through a number of database and network systems (Collins J. C. , and J. I. Porras. 1991). For instance, owners of personal computers can subscribe to a computer network and without difficulty retrieve information on the products and corporations on line. Such information can in like manner without problems be transmitted to other users.This huge use of technology by both consumers and companies affects, but the way business is run today. These consumer strategic alliances know no geographical limitations oftentimes, they are global in nature, particularly among the industrialized nat ions. As companies can get in enormous profits from the better coordination, greater product elasticity, improved quality, leaner production, and more time-based competitiveness that information technology offers, they also facades the threat that can come from these consumers strategic alliances.For instance, corporations can no longer trim consumer demands for constant product quality, reliability and respect for the environment, or timely delivery of services. As we move toward more and more advanced technologies, the exertion force moldiness be retrained. This training must not only expose workers to the technical matters adjoining the new process but also to the new focus of the presidency. They have to be made responsive of the importance of advanced technology in improving work methods and in remaining competitive. Employee compulsion to the new process is imperative.Globalization by itself adds little or no value to an government. There should be organizational as well a s employee dedication to exploit the technology to the supreme (Scott, A. 1996). For instance, with ever-increasing use of computer-integrated manufacturing systems, and the stream of technical documentation that accompanies it, employees have to be skilled of recognizing the critical information at the right time. Once that information is recognized and flop interpreted, there must be an organizational dedication to use the information to make better decisions.Without this potential, the organization cannot take payoff from new technologies. Human resources management, therefore, will persist to be a critical factor in the survival of any organization (Schlossberg H. 1992). We sum up the incline of globalization on forgiving resources as follows Information technology transforms the mode of communication and work processes. Custom or standardized operations are replaced with skilled and multi-skilled workers. An extremely trained labor force is desired to manage information technology. Worker motivation and satisfaction might improve since workers are no longer restricted to routine operations, fuck management powers, and can contribute to developments in their work processes. (Waters, M. 1995) Globalization also has an impact on the organization itself, as follows Organizational reformation is required. This reformation makes the organization flat. Decision-making powers are decentralized. Communications are better and the organization is capable to make timely responses to its environment. Introduction of new products and services is improved and varieties of products can be efficiently introduced and marketed by the organization. The organization is competent to improve its efficiency, quality, and competitiveness. (Scott, A. 1997) Todays advanced technology can, conversely, easily become a basic technology. A rapid join on of new technologies also brings rapid obsolescence of earlier technologies. Policies concerning technology must not be sta tic they must keep evolving.Stalk (1988) points out that competitive advantage is a persistently moving target . . . The best competitors, the most thriving ones, know how to keep moving and always stay on the cutting edge. scrap A company should be able to evaluate potential new technologies quickly. The goal must be to remain competitive, and effective management of technology is a vital step in achieving this. With an increased focus on customer satisfaction, technology is a decisive means for achieving customer satisfaction.Browning (1990) notes that a learning organization uses technology incessantly to refresh its knowledge of its customers wants and to work out new ways of satisfying them. This commitment to be a learning organization needs vast resources, however. For example, Browning also points out that building a learning organization necessitates new skills, clever people and capable machines. Noticeably, technology and forgiving resources should be used together for the organization to stay competitive (Cunningham, S. and Jacka, E. 1996).Barabba and Zaltman (1991) note that hearing the accent of the market and making constructive use of it with respect to the give tongue to of the firm is a learning progression. Essentially, the voice of the market has to be interpreted into facts and tasks that will lead to suitable products or services to satisfy customer needs. This is think to the application of quality function deployment, whereby the organization expands its strategic plans to assure customer needs. Thus, a learning organization should also be a caring organization.As a caring organization, its major objective is to please its stock or stakeholders, its customers, and employees, and also to be collectively responsible. The traditional organization, with the focus on satisfying stockholders alone, is change to this new form, with a sophisticated stakeholder group (Petrella, R. 1999). Thus, globalization and human resources manageme nt are recognized as key variables that facilitate an organization to improve its productivity, quality, and competitiveness.A critical constituent is the information technology, which offers both opportunities and challenges. The organization should show understanding to its environment via its policies, and be learning and caring organization, as time and reliability influence competitiveness. Finally, organizations should innovate and constantly move to achieve new targets, particularly in view of todays rapidly developing new technologies (Shields, R. 1997).

Household Behavior and Demand Essay

Household behavior is one of the any basic concepts in economics which has an effect on mart trends. Household solicit, for instance, can be seen as related to consumer choices in scathe of which products ar mostly bought in the market and which products wish more supplies in terms of item production and its interchangeable allocation. One of the many essential features of household demand is its corresponding effect on what is universe provided in the market and, more importantly, the quantities or stock that is being allocated in the market.It seems quite obvious that the quantities of definite products in the marketfor instance, in a genuine ara or a certain supermarketare patterned tally to the existing demand and the foreseen demands a some top dog in the future, say inside a frame of a few weeks time. Household behavior, for its effects on market trends to be realized and understood, must be taken from a worldwide and collective standpoint since a single specific h ousehold behavior cannot enti imprecate be taken into account as the precise and sole banknote in determining the overall household behavior true for all o most instances with regard to market trends.For example, it has been observed that Chinese people rely jumboly on the prices of products in determining which ones are the best buys. Paul French notes that for pragmatic Chinese shoppers, price remains the bottom-line which translates to the idea that win on price and you win (French, 2007). Hence, in the context of Chinese households, producers of certain goods should greatly consider the fact that Chinese households will most likely prefer goods which are relatively lower in price as compared to some other products in the market in order stay atop the competition.To be able-bodied to light upon control of the price index of a certain product in the market means to be able to win the market competition if the Chinese household behavior is the primary basis to be used. The per ception appears simple enough household behavior determines household demand which, in consequence, affects a large portion of certain market trends. Thus, to analyze a specific market trend for a specific product entails the analysis and understanding of certain trends in household demand caused by household behavior.An existing household demand, say, for breakfast grains can be looked upon the collective household behavior in terms of cereal consumption for the past six months for the locality of Chicago, for example. Given a relatively high consumption rate for breakfast cereals with the price not exceeding $4 per box among families, companies producing breakfast cereals may strike the corresponding decision to pattern their product according to the existing demand.Although it may not essentially be the typesetters case that companies will sacrifice prices of their products in order to meet the demand for the value of the products, being able to adjust product prices in accord ance to the existing market prices will most likely lead to favorable solutions on the pull up stakes of the companies since market demand is met. Quite on the contrary, there are still other related factors which hinder the feat of lowering prices according to the budget and income of households which determine their mental ability to buy and consume certain products.More recently, several instant-noodle corporations in chinaware present difficulties in lowering the prices of their products due to escalating prices in wheat and other farm commodities (Zhu, 2007). With prices in instant-noodlesa popular product among individuals with meager budgetsoaring, change surface the household demand or low-cost instant-noodles may hardly deter companies from lowering the prices of their goods just to meet the existing demand in the market.On the part of households, proper allocation of income can be one remedy in order to curb unnecessary spending so as to be able to allocate budget on goods which the households deem as a dire part of their income-spending. In this case, household behavior and demand appears to be patterned according to the existing market trends which is the opposite or reverse case of what has been provided earlier. Hence, it is also possible to have a household behavior or consumer choice that is establish on existing market trends apart from the possibility that market trends may also be based on existing consumer choice and household behavior.Allocating income to maximise utility is one household behavior that determines consumer choice in the long run. For instance, there is the observation that household expenditure patterns are affected by the administer of household income accruing to women (Hopkins, Levin, & Haddad, 1994). Given this perception, the choices of consumers over a vast array of products competing in the market is not only affected by external elements determined by companies but also by internal elements sprouting from hou sehold consumption patterns of certain goods in relation to the households budget allocation.In terms of income and substitution effects, the changes in the prices of certain goods are proposed to alter the demands for such goods. Changes in relative prices as well as changes in the purchasing power of the currency income can greatly alter the existing demands for, say, a breakfast cereal. Even if the prices for breakfast cereals remain the same for a accustomed period, alterations in the income will result to an equal change in the budget constraint (Hamermesh, 1977).On the other hand, if the price of breakfast cereals changes, the budget constraint will change accordingly. One cover way in further understanding the situation is that in order to maximize the utility with the change magnitude budget constraint, the household will tend to have shifts in their patterns of consumption. For instance, with the budget constraint arising from the come down in the moneys purchasing pow er, households will tend to maximize the utility of money by change magnitude the segregation of purchases of goods based on low-cost preference.An example to this is when households purchase goods with relatively lower prices given a budget of $20 which results to more purchases of various goods magic spell on the other hand households purchasing goods with relatively higher prices will result to lesser maximization of the utility or lesser goods purchased with the $20 budget. Hence, wage judge also share a crucial part in determining household behavior and demand as well as consumer choice. It has been seen that the rates of wages of certain groups of people have corresponding implications on the purchasing power of households.To arrive at the observation that the wage of a household is diminish corresponds to the observation that the purchasing capacity of the same household proportionally, if not significantly, decreases. A higher wage, then, will translate to a higher capa city to purchase goods in the market. In the larger scheme, a group of households with a high rate of wage will most likely have higher purchasing capacity thereby inducing the household behavior of increased spending assuming the household has lesser tendencies to save their income.In effect, a certain market demand will be conjured in such a way that a certain good, for instance, will experience an increase in demand which calls for a corresponding increase in goods being supplied. Thus, it can be noted that the overall rate in household demand will relatively increase given the increase in wages. On the other hand, interest rates may greatly alter or shift the persisting demand from households towards a certain good. For instance, a higher interest rates for purchased loans by households will certainly result to a higher real cost of purchase in the fulfilment of all payments made for the loan.It is quite apparent that an increase of 2% in interest rates from 4% to 6% will most c ertainly have a corresponding effect on the actual cost of the good purchased. For the most part, higher interest rates translate to higher cost of purchases, decreased household spending given a fixed rate of wages, and a lesser spending on other goods which result to a corresponding decrease in the demand for those other goods. The price of leisure also has a significant role in comprehending the patterns in household demand and consumer choices.For instance, higher prices in the cost of airplane travels would entail that the consumer will opt for the airline business provider with the least cost. A decline in the preference for airlines with comparatively higher airline prices will most likely be felt assuming that a given set of consumers have fixed income. Budget constraints in an environment of change magnitude prices in leisure enable one to view the household demand for existing leisure. Indeed, it has been observed that several market trends can be viewed and analyzed ap ply the perceptions on household behavior and demand for certain goods and products.The interrelationships existing between the market trend and the household behavior is clear although at some point several exceptions would have to be made. Essential to this understanding is the view that there may or may not be actual budget constraints and that prices of commodities may actually shift even without the presence of the shift such as a decline or incline in the demand from households. Nevertheless, there are many cases in which household behavior has its implications on the existing market trends.ReferencesFrench, P. (2007). When the Best Buy Is No Buy. The Wall Street Journal(August 7). Hamermesh, D. S. (1977). A Note on Income and Substitution Effects in Search Unemployment. The Economic Journal, 87(346), 312. Hopkins, J. , Levin, C. , & Haddad, L. (1994). Womens Income and Household Expenditure Patterns Gender or Flow? Evidence from Niger. American Journal of farming(a) Economic s, 76(5), 1219. Zhu, E. (2007). Chinas Battle Against Inflation Puts Noodle Makers in Hot Water. The Wall Street Journal(August 29), B11.

Implementing SFA at Quantium Technology Essay

Quantium Technology (founded in 1989) was an innovative technology company that provided computer hardware and software for large enterprises. It had grown to become a trail provider of enterprise servers and specialized motionstations which were known for their reliability and security. Quantium was an enormous beneficiary of the dot-com boom, but struggled after the bust and the recession. In 2004, Anne Rothman was the new Executive wrong President of Global sales and she felt that sales force automation was one of Quantiums biggest challenges. There were numerous problems with the existing SFA software solution Siebel Sales. Sales representatives were abandoning the system, sales managers were complaining that the sales pipeline data was not accurate.The system did not appear to be increasing win rates or trim the sales cycle as expected. After the internet bust, competition had commoditized the server market by offering cheaper servers that were closing the performance gap. Quantium moved from being a product company to a solutions company. The sales reps had to adjust by focusing on business issues and business problems instead of technical features. Also the group selling approach was not quite successful. Sales managers and company executives complained that they did not have reliable information on the company sales pipeline. To rectify these problems, Rothman started interviewing the people associated with instruction execution of the SFA program. SFA was also the core of many CRM applications. The key SFA elements were opportunity management and sales forecasting. Siebel was selected as the SFA software to be implemented.This was implemented with the help of IT specialists and assistance from IT consultants and system integrators. The IT team was pressured to deliver the best possible solution as there were differences as to whether to implement the standard product or its customized version. A training program was roll out to get the entire sales reps and managers up to speed on the new SFA tool. As the system was being rolled out and put into operation, performance problems emerged from the field and it was associated with Quantiums existing outdated technology infrastructure. The sales reps especially faced a lot of problems and were hesitant to use the system with a usurious learning curve. Rothman went over the history of SFA implementation as well as the current status. She has identified the implementation mistakes and has to find a solution to make SFA work at Quantium.

Year round school

Mr.. Cooker For generations the education constitution In the US has been a major In how our world is shaped today. And ever-changing it could perchance benefit the American raft In ways you couldnt imagine. For socio-economic classs now America has fallen short In basic math, reading and writing opus other countries sire exceeded expectations. facts of life Is key to staying connected to other countries and being able to make It In the real world. With that said the united States education system needs to be accepted as a huge part In our ally lives and needs to be changed.Like other countries education system they gravel naturalise year refresh showing a huge difference In the scores they kick the bucket compargond to the US. Having the opportunity to have school year round could provide students to graduate from high school faster and potentially college. The freedom to go at the pace that best fits you is what is amazing. In High school this could render you to get the credits you need and that will allow you to potentially go to the college of your choice. With this it could decrease school drop outs and help they economy by aging more than jobs.This could have the potential to change our system and study America out of the hole we made for ourselves. A student may even be fight in a particular subject and with the regular education system it wouldnt be a priority to the teacher or the student to fully substantiate the subject. With the year round school this problem could be easily solved. Students would be exceeding the level expected or just staying level with their class. There are also some opportunities to being able to graduate from high school with your first year of college basic classes already completed.That saves m maveny and a whole sens of stress, also the education on how to study and write essays in grade school help prepare you for College. Having school year round can allow you to have the time to practice and prepare f or the many things that college may bring. College is what sets you up for opportunity to get a job and participate in society. College sets you up for many things in life and to have some of the education from high school with year round school can help you tremendously.In order to be booming in college you have to have the write study bits and ways to prepare yourself for test and quizzes so you can pass the class. With the year round school the teachers would have time to teach you all the correct ways of learning that. Education Is key In this day and age and with yearlong education you can get through many things faster and comprehend more. To have an opportunity to change the economy by having more people thinking and making life changing decisions is amazing.This could not only benefit that but the teachers, they would be more recognized for their work and have something to bring up It, their successful kids. Also the time that school would first base and end would be more realistic for this day and age not to mention having days off more often than now, If we could Just have one school district to filter this out to see If It would work It could potentially reveal things that are unbelievable we just need to try. Year round school By Kay-Lucerne For generations the education system in the US has been a major in how our world is shaped today.And changing it could maybe benefit the American people in ways you couldnt imagine. For years now America has fallen short in basic math, reading and writing while other countries have exceeded expectations. Education is key to staying connected to other countries and being able to make it in the real world. With that said the United States education system needs to be recognized as a huge part in our daily lives and needs to be changed. Like other countries education system they have school year round showing a huge difference in the scores they get compared to the making more Jobs.This could have the potentia l to change our system and bring expected or Just staying level with their class. There are also many opportunities to a Job and participate in society. College sets you up for many things in life and to ways of learning that. Education is key in this day and age and with yearlong would be more recognized for their work and have something to prove it, their realistic for this day and age not to mention having days off more often than now. If we could Just have one school district to try this out to see if it would work it could potentially reveal things that are unbelievable we Just need to try.

Satirical Mouthpiece in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Typically when you hear 19th century publications, you think of the formal and monotonous, yet gramatically and contextually meliorate writing of authors such as Charles Dickens and Harriet Beecher Stowe but one author stood out among them and his name was Mark Twain. Twain st subterfugeed a impudently trend of including new aspects of writing into his pieces such as voice, dialect, and satire. The one particular book written by Mark Twain that is known to be the beginning of American literature called The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, contains all three of these aspects.In the book, Twain uses the main character and narrator, Huck, to utilize his voice, dialect, and satire. Huck serves as a satirical mouthpiece for the authors view by fulfilling his role as the naive narrator. There is a specific going in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn that accurately portrays the satire that Twain is trying to bestow upon the reader involving a character by the name of Emmeline Granger ford, a sentimental artist. Huck is inspecting the art of Emmeline and expressing his feelings about them in the text.If you read Hucks explanations without examining the underlying meanings you get out find that Huck is completely clueless as to the artists sentimental intentions. He evaluates one picture called Shall I Never See Thee More Alas by describing a woman under a weeping willow (Twain 119) in a graveyard, another picture with a woman crying into a hanky (Twain 119), and yet another with a crying woman about to jump off a bridge. All three of these illustrations are obvious cliches of sentimental art of the 19th century.Huck looks at the images and simply sees nice pictures (Twain 119), not realizing the intent of the artist, Emmeline. This is an excellent example of Hucks role as the naive narrator. His deprivation of understanding provides a completely different take on the art than Mark Twain very feels. Twains main intention of the passage is to poke fun at the sen timentalists artwork. He includes Hucks explanations such as bulges on a dress like a cabbage (Twain 119), and contraband slippers, like a chisel (Twain 119) to mock the sentimental art which was poplular at the time that he wrote the book.Writing the passage in Hucks auspicate of view allowed Twain to add satire to the story by making Hucks comments so cliche and ridiculous that it is obvious that this is not actually the way that Twain feels about the sentimental artwork. This is why the character of Huck, being as clueless as he is in the book, is necessary for him to serve as the authors satirical mouthpiece. Huckleberry Finn is certainly not the typical narrator of a book.To understand the context of the writing, one must decipher what is actually occuring in the story and what Huck thinks is occuring because of his role as the naive narrator. Although this makes the book more difficult to comprehend, it also makes it more interesting to read and allows the author, Mark Twain , to include such factors of voice, dialect, and satire. The narrators conception of the storyline is extremely important to the book. Huck serves as a satirical mouthpiece for the authors attitude by fulfilling his role as the naive narrator.

Eco Friendly

WWW. JAGRANJOSH. COM SSC COMBINED GRADUATE LEVEL (MAIN) EXAMINATION 2012 QUESTION PAPER SSC Combined alumna Level (Main) Exa mination 2012 wonder authorship 1. (a) . . =? 9 44 27 44 (b) (c) 44 9 (d) 27 42 2. Complete the series 7, 26, 63, 124, 215, 342,? (a) 481 (b) 511 (c) 391 (d) 421 3. A woman sells to the first customer half her stock of apples and half an apple, to the momentond customer half an apple and half of her remaining stock and so in any case to a tercet and to a fourth customer. She finds that she has now 15 apples left.How many had she at first? (a) 250 (b) 155 (c) 125 (d) 255 4. There ar 200 questions on a 3 hour examination. Among 200 questions, 50 atomic add up 18 from Maths, 100 are in GK and 50 are in Science. He spent in two ways as much time on each mathematics question as for each other question. How many minutes did he spend on mathematics question? (a) 36 (b) 72 (c) 100 (D) 60 5. The reminder when (a) 2 (b) 3 919 + 6 is carve up by 8 is (c) 5 (d) 7 6. The least tail fin-digit perfect square number which is divided be 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 is a) 14 cd (b) 32400 (c) 10800 (d) 10201 7. Which of the following numbers does not fit into the series? 4, 19, 29, 40, 44, 51, 59, 73 (b) 51 (c) 44 (d) 29 (a) 59 8. What will be the remainder when 19100 is divided be 20? (b) 20 (c) 3 (d) 1 (a) 19 9. A philander factory manufactured a batch of electronic toys. If the toys were packed in boxes of 155 each, 13 boxes would not be filled be intimately. If the toys were packed in boxes of 65 each, 22 such boxes would not be enough to pack each(prenominal) of them. Coincidentally, in the end, the toys were packed in n toys each, with come out of the closet any remainder. The hail number of toys was (a) 1424 (b) 1434 (c) 1444 (d) 1454 2 SSC Combined grade Level (Main) Examination 2012 movement Paper 10.A and B started a business with Rs 20000 and Rs 35000 respectively. They agreed to share the increase in the proportionality of their capital. C joins the partnership with the condition that A, B, and C will share profit satisfactoryly and pays Rs 220000 as premium for this, to be shared between A and B. This is to be divided between A and B in the ratio of (a) 10 1 (b) 1 10 (c) 9 10 (d) 10 9 11. A usher out complete a work in 20 days and B in 30 days. A worked only if for 4 days and and so B complete the remaining work along with C in 18 days. In how many days can C working al nonpareil complete the work? (a) 12 (b) 68 (c) 72 (d) 90 12.A tubing can fill a water tank in 12 minutes and another pipe can fill it in 15 minutes, but a third pipe can empty it in 6 minutes. The first two pipes are kept open for 5 minutes in the beginning and then the third pipe is also opened. Number of minutes bookn to empty the cistern is (a) 38 (b) 22 (c) 42 (d) 45 13. A and B can complete a job in 24 days working together. An alone can complete it in 32 days. Both of them worked together for 8 days and then A left. The number of days b will take to complete the remaining job is (a) 16 (b) 32 (c) 64 (d) 128 14. In a factory, there are disturb number of women and children.Women work for 6 hours a day and children for 4 hours a day. During festival time, the work load goes up by 50%. The government rule does not allow children to work for much than 6 hours a day. If they are equally efficient and the extra work is done by women, then extra hours of work put in by women every day are (a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 9 15. A and B each working alone can do a work in 15 days and 25 days respectively. They started the work together, but B left after some time and A absolute the remaining work in 7 days. After how many days from the start did B leave? (a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 9 16.A and B undertaken to do a piece of work for Rs 1200. A alone can do it in 8 days, while B can do it in 6 days. With the help of C, they complete it in 3 days. Find Cs share. (a) Rs 450 (b) Rs 300 (c) Rs 150 (d) Rs 100 17. By selling an article at 80% of its marked bell, a trader makes a loss of 10%. What will be the profit percentage if he sells it at 95% if its marked legal injury? (a) 6. 9 (b) 5 (c) 5. 9 (d) 12. 5 3 SSC Combined Graduate Level (Main) Examination 2012 Question Paper 18. By selling an umbrella for Rs 30, a shopkeeper gains 20%. During a clearance sale, the shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% of the marked price.His gain percentage during the sale season is (a) 7 (b) 7. 5 (c) 8 (d) 9 19. What is maximum percentage discount (approximately) that a merchant can offer on his marked price so that he ends up selling at no profit or loss, id he initially marked his goods up by 40%? (a) 60% (b) no discount (c) 33. 5% (d) 28. 5% 20. A shopkeeper marks the prices at 15% higher than the original price. Due to increase in demand, he further increase the price by 10%. How much percentage profit will he get? (a) 25 (b) 26. 5 (c) 20 (d) 24. 5 21. From a vessel containing100 litres of wine, 10 litres are drawn out and an equal am ount of water is added.From the mixture, 10 litres is again drawn out and same quantity of water is added. What is the final ratio of wine and water? (a) 80 20 (b) 90 10 (c) 91 9 (d) 81 19 22. From each of two given numbers, half the smaller number is subtracted. After such subtraction, the larger number is 4 times as large as the smaller number. What is the ratio of the number? (a) 5 2 (b) 1 4 (c) 4 1 (d) 4 5 23. Men, women and children are employed to do a work in the proportion of 3 2 1 and their meshs as 5 3 2. When 90 men are employed, total daily wages of all amounts to Rs 10350. Find the daily wage of a man. (a) Rs 45 (b) Rs 57. 0 (c) Rs 115 (d) Rs 75 24. Brothers A and B had some savings in the ratio 4 5. They decided to buy a gift for their sister, sharing the represent in the ratio 3 4. After they bought, A spent two-third of his amount while B is left with Rs 145. Then the economic honour of the gift is (a) Rs 70 (b) Rs 105 (c) Rs 140 (d) Rs 175 25. The taxi trus ts in a city contain fixed evens and additional charge/km. The fixed charge is for a distance of upto 5 km and additional charge/km thereafter. The charge for a distance of 10 km is Rs 350 and for 25 km is Rs 800. The charge for a distance of 30 km is (a) Rs 800 (b) Rs 750 (c) Rs 900 (d) Rs 950 SSC Combined Graduate Level (Main) Examination 2012 Question Paper 26. The marks of 3 students A, B and C are in the ratio 10 12 15. If the maximum marks of the paper are 100, then the marks of B cannot be in the range of (a) 20 30 (b) 40 50 (c) 70 80 (d) 80 90 27. The norm of the test scores of a class of m student is 70 and that of n students is 91. When the scores of both the classes are combined, the fairish is 80. What is n/m? (a) 11/10 (b) 13/10 (c) 10/13 (d) 10/11 28. The average salary per head of all workers of an institution is Rs 60. The average salary per head of 12 shadowrs is Rs 400.The average salary per head of the rest is Rs 56. Then the total number of workers in th e institution is (a) 1030 (b) 1032 (c) 1062 (d) 1060 29. A cricket played 80 innings and scored an average of 99 mellow outs. His score in the last inning is zero run. To deliver an average of 100 at the end, his score in the last innings should have been (a) 10 runs (b) 1 run (c) 60 runs (d) 80 runs 30. A man spends an average of Rs 1694. 70 per month for the first 7 months and Rs 1810. 50 per month for the next 5 months. His monthly salary if he saves Rs 3084. 60 during the whole year is (a) Rs 2400 (b) Rs 3000 (c) Rs k (d) Rs 2000 31.Three days ago, the average age of A, B and C was 27 years, and that of B and C five years ago was 20 years. As pay age is (a) 30 years (b) 35 years (c) 40 years (d) 48 years 32. The average tallness of the basketball team A is 5 feet 11 inches and that of B is 6 feet 2 inches. There are 20 players in team A and 18 players in team B. The overall average height is (a) 72. 42 inches (b) 72 inches (c) 70. 22 inches (d) 70 inches 33. A shopkeeper s ells a transistor at 15% above its cost price. If he had bought it at 5% more than what he paid for it and sold it for Rs 6 more, he would have gained 10%.The cost price of the transistor is (a) Rs 800 (b) Rs 1000 (c) Rs 1200 (d) Rs 1400 34. A seller user 920 g in place of one kg to sell his articles at 15% gain on cost price, the actual percentage of profit is (a) 20 (b) 15 (c) 25 (d) 30 35. A man sold two houses for Rs 96000 each. In the sale of the first house, he incurred 20% profit and in the sale of the second, he incurred 20% loss. What is the gain or loss percentage in total? 5 SSC Combined Graduate Level (Main) Examination 2012 Question Paper (a) 6% gain (b) 6% loss (c) 4% gain (d) 4% loss 36. The price of a land passing through terzetto hands, rises on the whole by 65%.If the first and second sellers earned 20% and 25% profit respectively. Find the profit earned by the third seller. (a) 20% (b) 55% (c) 10% (d) 25% 37. One year payment to the servant is Rs 500 plus one shi rt. The servant leaves after 10 months and receives Rs 350 and a shirt of the same value. What is the price of the shirt? (a) Rs 150 (b) Rs 350 (c) Rs 400 (d) Rs 500 38. A person purchased a certain number of articles at 11 articles for Rs 10 and sold them at 10 articles for Rs 11. Find the gain percentage. (a) 22 (b) 20 (c) 1 (d) 21 39. Of the adult population in a certain city, 45% of men and 25% of women are married.Assuming that no man marries more than one women, and vice versa, the percentage of total population of adults who are married, is (a) 33. 33 (b) 35. 14 (c) 31. 1 (d) 30 40. A garrison is provided with ration for 72 soldiers to last for 54 days. Find how long would the same amount of food last for 90 soldiers. If the psyche ration is reduced by 10%? (a) 48 days (b) 72 days (c) 54 days (d) 126 days 41. In an examination paper of five questions, 5% the candidates answered all of them and 5% answered none. Of the rest, 25% candidates answered only one question and 20% a nswered 4 questions and 20% answered 4 questions.If 396 candidates answered either 2 questions or 3 questions, the number of candidates that appeared for the examination was (a) 800 (b) 1000 (c) 850 (d) 900 42. In a test, A scored 10% more than B and scored 5% more C. If C scored 300 marks out of 400, then As marks are (a) 310 (b) 325 (c) 350 (d) 360 43. A train crosses a bridge of length 150 m in 15 seconds and a man standing on it in 9 sec. The train is travelling at a uniform speed. Length of the train is (a) 225 m (b) 200 m (c) 135 m (d) 90 m 44. Arun and Bhaskar start from place P at 6 am and 7. 30am respectively and run in the same direction.Arun and Bhaskar run at 8 km/h and 12 km/h respectively. Bhaskar overtakes Arun at (a) 1030 am (b) 9 am (c) 1130 am (d) 11 am 6 SSC Combined Graduate Level (Main) Examination 2012 Question Paper 45. A man can row at 10 km/h in still water. If it takes a total of 5 hours for him to go to a place 24 km away and return, then the speed of the water current is (a) 2 km/h (b) 3 km/h (c) 2 km/h 1 (d) 1 km/h 46. A man started 20 min late and travelling at a speed of 1 times of his usual speed reaches his office in time. The time taken by the man to reach his office at his speed is (a) 40 min (b) 1 h 20 min (c) 1 h (d) 30 min 7. Divided Rs 15494 between A and B so that As share at the end of years may be equal to Bs share at the end of 11 years, compound interest being 20% per annum. Then As share is (a) Rs 8000 (b) Rs 9140 (c) Rs 9144 (d) Rs 9414 48. The principal amount which yields a compound interest of Rs 208 in the second year at 4% is (a) Rs 5000 (b) Rs 10000 (c) Rs 13000 (d) Rs 6500 49. An amount is invested in a blank at compound rate of interest. The total amount, including interest, after first and third years is Rs 1200 and Rs 1587 respectively. What is the rate of interest? (a) 10% (b) 3. 9% (c) 12% (d) 15% 50.The difference between compound and simple rates of interest on Rs 10000 for 3 years at 5% per annum i s (a) Rs 76. 25 (b) Rs 76. 75 (c) Rs 76. 50 (d) Rs 76 51. A solid consist of circular cylinder with exact fitting right circular cone placed on the top. The height of the cone is h. If total volume of the solid is three times the volume of the cone, then the height of the circular cylinder is (a) 2 h (b) 2? 3 (c) 4 h (d) 3? 2 52. Water flows at a rate of 10 meters per in diameter. How long will it take to fill up a conical vessel whose diameter at the base is 40 cm and depth is 24 cm? a) 51 min 12 sec (b) 52 min 1 sec (c) 48 min 15 sec (d) 55 min 53. The three perpendicular distances of three sides of an equilateral trilateral from a point which lies inside that triangle are 6 cm, 9 cm and 12 cm respectively. The perimeter of the triangle is (a) 42 2 cm (b) 45 3 cm (c) 52 2 cm (d) 54 3 cm 54. The state of a right-angled triangle is 24 cm2 and one of the sides containing the right angle is 6 cm. The altitude on the hypotenuse is 7 SSC Combined Graduate Level (Main) Examination 2012 Question Paper (a) 3. 6 cm (b) 4. 8 cm (c) 5. 2 cm (d) 12 cm 55. A cost of cultivating a square field at a rate of Rs 135 per hectare is Rs 1215.The cost of putting a fence around it at the rate of 75 paise per metre would be (a) Rs 360 (b) Rs 810 (c) Rs 900 (d) Rs 1800 56. The res publica of a trapezium is 384 cm2. If its parallel sides are in ratio 3 5 and the perpendicular distance between them is 12 cm, the smaller of the parallel sides is (a) 20 cm (b) 24 cm (c) 30 cm (d) 36 cm 57. The perimeter of the triangular base of a right prism is 60 cm and the sides of the base are in the ratio 5 12 13. Then its volume will be (height of the prism being 50 cm) (a) 6000 cm3 (b) 6600 cm3 (c) 5400 cm3 (d) 9600 cm3 58.If the length of a rectangular parallelepiped is 3 times of its bigness and 5 times of its height and its volume is 14400 cu cm, then area of the total surface will be (a) 2420 sq cm (b) 3320 sq cm (c) 4320 sq cm (d) 5320 sq cm 59. The capacities of two hemispherical bowls a re 6. 4 litres and 21. 6 litres respectively. Then the ratio of their internal curved surface areas will be (a) 4 9 (b)2 3 (c) 2 3 (d) 16 81 60. Let A and B be two solid spheres such that the surface area of B is 300% higher than the surface area of A. The volume of A is found to be k% lower than the volume of B. The value of k must be (a) 85. (b) 92. 5 (c) 90. 5 (d) 87. 5 61. The ratio of the areas of the circum troll and the incircle of a square is (a) 2 1 (b) 1 2 (c) 2 1 (d) 1 2 62. From a circular sheet of paper of universal gas constant 10 cm, a sector of area 40% is removed. If the remaining part is used to make a conical surface, then the ratio of the rundle and the height of the cone is (a) 1 2 (b) 1 1 (c) 3 4 (d) 4 3 63. If the area of the circular shell having inner and outer radii of 8 cm and 12 cm respectively is equal to the total surface area of cylinder of rung R1 and height h, then h, in terms of R1 will be (a) 2 3 1 ? 30 7 (b) 2 1 ? 40 2 1 (c) 30 1 2 1 (d) 2 40 1 1 8 SSC Combined Graduate Level (Main) Examination 2012 Question Paper 64. A well of radius 3. 5 m is dug 16 m deep. The earth removed is spread over an area of 400 m2 to form a platform. Height of the platform is (a) 1. 54 m (b) 154 m (c) 7. 7 m (d) 77 m 65. The ratio of the number of sides of two fixture polygons is 1 2. If each interior angle of the first polygon is 120o, then the measure of each interior angle of the second polygon is (a) 140o (b) 135o (c) 150o (d) 160o + 66. If x = (a) 0 , hen x2 x 1 is equal to (c) 2 (d) 5 + + + (b) 1 67. If x = , then the value of (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) + 3 is equal to (d) 68. The area of the region bounded by y = ?x? 5 with the co-ordinate axes is (a) 25 sq units (b) 52 sq units (c) 50 sq units (d) 20 sq units 69. The real value of x, that satisfies the equation (a) 5 (b) 2 3 (c) ? + + = 5 + is (d) 4 a = 225, b = 227. + 70. Find the value of a3 + b3 + c3- 3abc when (a) 2304 (b) 2430 (c) 2034 (d) 2340 71. Number of solution of the equation (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 ? + + = ? 2 is (d) 4 + + ? 72. If + (a) 2 = 1, then the value of (c) 2 is (b) ? 2 (d) ? 2 73. If ? = a + b, (where a, b are rationals), value of (a + b) is (a) 2 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 1 74. 232 (2 + 1) (22 + 1)(24 + 1)(28 + 1)(216 + 1)) is equal to (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 216 75. If the expression x + 809436 ? 809438 be a perfect square, then the value of x is (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 809436 (d) 809438 76.If O is the orthocenter of the ? rudiment and ? BAC =80o, then measure of ? BOC is (a) 80o (b) 100o (c) 120o (d) 90o 77. Two chords of a circle, of length 2a and 2b are mutually perpendicular. If the distance of the point, at which the chords intersect, from the centre of the circle is c (c radius of the circle), then the radius of the circle is (a) a + b c 2 + 2 2 2 + 2 2 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 2 78. Two concentrical circles having common centre O and chord AB of the outer circle intersect 9 SSC Combined Graduate Level (Ma in) Examination 2012 Question Paper he inner circle at points C and D. If distance of chord from the centre is 3 cm, outer radius is 13 cm and inner radius is 7 cm, then length of AC in cm is (a) 8 10 (b) 6 10 (c) 4 10 (d) 2 10 79. If PT is a tangent and AB is a chord of a circle and they intersect at the point P externally and PT = 2AP and AB = 18 units, then PT =? (a) 6 units (b) 9 units (c) 12 units (d) 15 units 80. In ? ABC, DE ? BC where DE intersects AB and AC at the points D and E respectively. If AD = 6 cm, DB = 12x 6 cm, and AE = 2x cm and CE = 16 2x cm, then the value of x is (a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 8 81.If the sides of a quadrilateral ABCD touch a circle and AB = 6 cm, CD = 5 cm, BC = 7 cm, then the length of AD in cm is (a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 9 82. AB is the diameter of a circle with centre O and P is a point on it. If ? POA = 120o, then the value of ? PBO is (a) 30o (b) 50o (c) 60o (d) 40o 83. From the circumcentre I of the triangle ABC, perpendicular ID is drawn on BC, if ? BAC = 60o, then the value ? BID is (a) 75o (b) 60o (c) 45o (d) 80o 84. PQ is a chord of length 6 cm of a circle of radius 5 cm. tangents to the circle at P and Q meet at T. length of TP is (a) 4. 75 cm (b) 2. 5 cm (c) 3. 75 cm (d) 4. 25 cm 85. O is the centre of a circle. AC and BD are two chords of the circle intersecting each other at P. If ? AOB = 15o and ? APB = 30o, then tan2 ? APB + cot2 ? COD is equal to (a) 3 1 (b) 3 2 (c) 3 4 (d) 10 3 86. ? ABC is a right- angled triangle, where ? ABC = 90o. If AC 2 and AB AC 2, then the value of cos2 A cos2 C is (a) 1 5 (b) 5 (c) 2 1 (d) 5 3 87. At the foot of a mountain, the elevation of its summit is 45 o. After ascending 2 km towards the mountain upon an incline of 30o, the elevation charges to 60o. The height of the mountain is (a) ( 3 ? ) km (b) ( 3 + 1) km (c) ( 3 ? 2) km (d) ( 3 + 2) km 10 SSC Combined Graduate Level (Main) Examination 2012 Question Paper 88. The maximum value of sin8 + cos14 , for all real values of is (a ) 1 (b) 2 (c) 1 2 (d) 0 ( + ) 2 ?1 1 2 89. If cos2 (a) 2 1 + sin2 = (b) 2 1 , 0o 90o, then tan = (c) (d) 90. If sin(10o 6 32) = then the value of cos(79o 53 28) + tan(10o 6 32) is (a) (1+ 1 2 ) 1 2 (b) 1? 1 2 1 2 (c) 1 2 + 1 2 (d) 1 2 +1 1 2 91. If sin + cosecant = 2, then the value of + is (a) 1 (b)1/2 (c) 2 92. tan tan tan (a) 1 2 (d) 0 tan ?sin2 = 1 (b) 2? 3 2 (c) 4 (d) 4 3 93. + = ? ? = , (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 9 94. Number of integral values of x for which sin (a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2 , where 0o ? 90o, is 95. If x = sin + cos and y = sec + cosec , find y in terms of x. (a) + (b) (c) (d) + Directions (Q. Nos. 6-100) The following pie chart channelise the details of 1500 employees working in a follow in various scales and also the break-up of 800 male employees across the scales. Study the graphs and answer the question. 11 SSC Combined Graduate Level (Main) Examination 2012 Question Paper Break-up of 1500 employess across the scales VII 8% I 22% Break-up of 800 male employees across the scales VII 10% VI 14% V 12% IV 10% VI 9% V 12% IV 11% I 24% II 15% cardinal 19% II 18% III 16% 96. How many females are working in scale V? (a) 180 (b) 144 (c) 96 (d) 84 97. The male-female ratio working in scale VII is () 1 2 (b) 2 1 (c) 2 3 (d) 3 2 98.The scale(s) in which the number of working females is the same are (a) I and VI (b) I and III (c) III and VI (d) only III 99. The number of scales in which the female workface is less(prenominal) than the average female workface working in any scale is (a) 5 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) None of these 100. Had the total number of employees working in the company been 1600 (800 male, 800 female) and pie charts of break-up across the scales the same, the percentage increase or decrease of female workforce in scale VII is (a) 10% decrease (b) 15% increase (c) 20% decrease (d) 20% increase 12

Excellence vs. Success

duty vs.. Success Ohio Christian University 2 purity and success are two words that most citizenry have a fear of either having or not having. Growing up in an perpetually changing world where technology was Just beginning, cell phones were giant radios that you would carry around in a big black box and the internet was rarely heard of by the hustle and bustle of both day common people, excellence was not even in my vocabulary. It seems to take a great number of us most of our adult life to live up to our full potential and sadly, many of us never do.Johnston Nonstop 2004) defines excellence and success in a manner that anyone could understand. He says it is a legitimate life style, a manner of living, a hierarchy of values, an admirable self-imposed standard (p. 25). Excellence is set by the individual defining it and, therefore, means for each of us the definition of excellence is different and on our own terms. According to Johnston (2004) success, on the other hand, is def ined by cultural ideas, that pot of gold at the end of the rainbow (p. 30). The question is does success outweigh excellence in todays society?We are defined by our clothes, the cars we drive, the house we live in, our bank accounts and even our friends. We all strive for success, that pot of gold, but how many of us strive for excellence? Excellence and success can be prevented by a lack of self-assertion and fear. We seem to put unrealistic expectations on ourselves and that fear of failure prevents many of us from living up to our full potential, this I have learned from my own personal experience. For these two words 3 cosmos so closely related, society seems to get them greatly confused. There was a time success was most important to me but not anymore.When I was saved I began to strive for excellence Just by my actions. Living a life of Christ requires excellence which reminds me of a bible verse I take up Give her of the fruit of her hands and let her own works praise her in the gates. (Proverbs 31 31 XIV). My actions today need to reflect upon me when I reach the gates of heaven. I will secure mistakes along the way because I am human but I also know that as long as I give 110 percent I am doing my best. References Johnston, J. , & Costing, K. W. (2004). Christian Excellence Alternative to Success (2nd De. ). Franklin, TN KOOK pub.

Interpretation and Analysis of Lost Boy Lost Girl Essay

a. SettingLost Boy Lost misfire, by Peter Straub, is based primarily in the homet testify of the protagonist, Timothy Underhill. It is a mid-western city by the raise of Millhaven in Illinois. Some believe that the town is based loosely on Straubs hometown of Milwaukee. The chief oscilloscope of the novel is an abandoned family line on 3323 North Michigan Street, a custom built house with secret passageways, staircases, a torture chamber and chutes for corpses.The locale of a small town, along with the eery tally house is complete(a)ly appropriate for the baloney. To Tim Underhill, it appears surreal. This lends to the tale a sort of gothic and intimidating feel. Had the story been set in whatsoever other place, it would have lacked the forbidding atmosphere that Millhaven imparts. The author, Peter Straub does a laudably job of representing and defining the settings, so as to give the proofreaders an authentic sense of the place.b. Major charactersTwo of the major charact ers of the novel ar Timothy Underhill and lollipop Underhill.1. Tim Underhill Tim Underhill is the protagonist of the story and narrates a major portion of it. A writer living in New York, he seldom returns to his hometown of Millhaven and is not very close to his brother, Phillip. In position, Tim and Phillip share a sort of strained relationship. Tim appears a serious fellow, although there are instances wherein he chooses to take a sense of humor. He quips, Once you take someones word about an undetectable man, you are playing with his racquet on his court, and it is no use pretending otherwise (p. 142).Perhaps the closely prominent and apparent aspect of Tim Underhills character is his love for his nephew, Mark. He refuses to relinquish his quest for the male child and investigates the murders occurring in the town, resolving to get to the bottom of things. This is clearly induced by his affection for Mark, of course have with his pursuit for the truth. Like many other s mall-town folk, Tim is a man who would not easily forgo his ethics or principles. When faced with a decision, he will always take the one which is morally right, as for example, his decision to stay back in Millhaven upon his nephews disappearance and his perseverance in trying to dumbfound him.At the climax of the novel, we can fill that Tim Underhills character has changed a good deal. His relationship with his brother, his thoughts and his beliefs has been neutered considerably.2. Mark Underhill Mark Underhill is the son of Phillip and Nancy Underhill. Fifteen years of age, he is restless unfocussed afflicted with.. a budding arrogance (p. 5). His behavior, sense of dressing and language (judging especially from the emails he sends to Tim) are all exemplifying of him being an average teenage boy. He becomes obsessed with a house in their neighborhood and absolutely disappears one day. He has, in Tims opinion a good and tender heart. He is sensitive to others feelings and we can sometimes observe that he is slightly smarter than the other characters. The grade of Marks mothers funeral, through his eyes, portrays vividly his affection for her and his anguish at her death.Towards the end, however, we see a more mature Mark. One who has undergone a transformation of sorts. He emerges stronger and more prudent than he was before the whole ordeal.c. abuse Fiction FormulaLost Boy Lost Girl the Great Compromiser quite true to the horror fiction formula throughout. The small town of Millhaven, with its simple and innocent inhabitants forms the perfect setting for the novel. The townsfolk are orderly and peaceable. Their lives, however are disrupted by a fiend that seems to be dwelling in a house in their neighborhood. The monster is believed to be a pedophile and a serial killer who is kidnapping young boys. A spirit, one of a little girl, alike inhabits this said house. Straub has very astutely merged the human with the supernatural to give the whole sto ry an eerie and disturbing feel. The townsfolk, Tim and Phillip Underhill in particular, embark on finding this crazed kidnapper and killer. Although the monster is dealt with in the end, the lives and convictions of the people of the town are altered forever.That being said, there are portions of the story that are not only if associated with the horror fiction formula. The transformation of the spirit of the girl into a good spirit, the limning of dysfunctional families such as that of the Underhills and the transition of a boy into a man are some of the aspects that Straub deals with that do not essentially comply with a horror novels customary description.d. Levels of HorrorTerror Following the disappearance of Mark Underhill and other adolescent boys, the reader is made aware of the fact that a terror lurks in the darkness, but it can only be sensed, not seen. Straub has done a remarkable job of keeping the reader intrigued by keeping the identity of the monster under wraps. The aim of terror is, however, not sustained. The monster is revealed to the audience later on in the story.Horror Towards the second half(prenominal) of the book, the reader becomes conscious of the form of terror(s), that is, the little girls spirit and the serial killer. Once they are disclosed, the novel takes on the level of horror. The killer and the spirit are described in detail for the readers benefit.Revulsion Straub chooses to scare his readers psychologically rather than with the spilling of blood and guts. Nevertheless, the novel contains various illustrations of repulsive and steep events of graphic nature. For instance, the scene of Nancy Underhill lying dead and nude in the bathtub, with her wrists slit and a plastic protrude over her head is sure to make the reader wince. Furthermore, the character sketch of the killer and the description of Mark hearing footfalls of the ghost which was like hearing someone stepping down a passage within his own head convey a p owerful sense of fright and dread. Most incidents, nonetheless, are not of a gory disposition.

Cross Culture Analysis

(A) precise review of rag- pagan copys (1)Introduction gloss has played an of the essence(predicate) role in the evolution of humans enabling them to adapt the environment to their experience requires instead of depending solely on natural selection to accomplish success in each(prenominal) walks of life. Culture typically is made of customs, ideas beliefs, customs, codes, techniques, tools, taboos, symbols, rituals and ceremonies. Every society has created its receive kitchen-gardening which is unique to its society.Culture is characterised importantly of three comp angiotensin-converting enzyme(a)nts which atomic number 18 explained as below Values Ideas which atomic number 18 considered important in life dejection be terminused as values. Norms Different mint be submit antithetically in confused situations. Norms earth-closet be understood as the expectations of how wad react to these situations. Artefacts Artefacts ar manufactured by men who reflect the closes values and norms. (2) Cross- cultural Analysis In 19th century, noteworthy anthropologists Edward Burnett Tylor and Lewis H Morgan go performed first bounce back-cultural analysis.Both Anthropology and Social Anthropology have made signifi asst kick upstairs from the stages of Victorian Englands lower savagery to civilization. The concept of culture passel be understood as a chemical reaction against to those Western concepts and according to the anthropologists, culture is embedded in human nature. All commonwealth irrespective of the location and regions have the ability to categorise experiences, understand them by decoding use symbols and intercourse effectively. Several fields such as Sociology, Psychology, Communication and Anthropology have contri thated to the concept of main theories of hatch cultural communication.These theories atomic number 18 primarily based on the value differences among several cultures that argon spread all everywhere the world. near of the important researchers who contributed to this field include Fons Trompenaars, Edward T. Hall, Shalom Schwartz, Geert Hofstede Edward Burnett Tylor and Lewis H Morgan and Clifford Geertz. (3) Aims of cross-cultural analysis The main aim of cross cultural communication is to understand the responses of different people from varied cultural backgrounds in different situations. Some guidelines argon produced to decipher these differences and help them to better communicate with one another. jibe to Alvesson, M. (1993),Cultural Perspectives on Organisations, 1992, Members of a meeting who sh ar a particular culture can be understood and interpreted using some functions. The theme can be of different sizes. It can be a small group in a village, or as big as a continent. Though the responses of the members of these groups can be understood as a whole depending on their culture, it further depends on the individuals personality. The expressions of culture-resultant response c an similarly depend on their own experience from life and the upbringing of that particular individual.The aims of cross cultural analysis are to harness the utilitarian function of culture as a nub for human adaptation and better communication. Cross-cultural perplexity can be understood as a subset of Inter depicted object care focusing on cultural clashes. The conflicts and miscommunication leads to differences in the cultures and cross cultural coifment aims to smash tools to understand and handle them. (4) Hofstede and his 5 dimensions Hofstede conducted investigations across the world to understand and analyse make believe-related attitudes in different regions.These studies have resulted in identifying five dimensions. These dimensions are masculinity- femininity, power exceed, individualism-collectivism, uncertainty scheme and long term vs. short term taste. Social psychology in the midst of and within many cultures are being investigated actively in many respect s and has acquired its own momentum over a long period of time. consort to (Draguns, Lee & McCauley, 1999) comparisons with in the cross cultures can be made with the help of personality variables within that culture.As opposed to this, dimensions can excessively be derived in multicultural research projects can be used to study the relevance and the proximity to their home culture. In order to elucidate the conceptual nature of the cultural dimensions, Hofstede made various efforts to elaborate the contrast between the individualists as well the collectivist cultures. As this is not the only beginning of difference, several other Researchers such as Draguns, Lee & McCauley, 1999 also carried out studies on individualist cultures where the individuals are not tightly connected. They found that the priority lies ith looking after themselves or any other members of the torrid family. These individuals have different goals and aspirations that might not be in line with the values and norms of the entire group. nevertheless when at that place is a conflict of ideas, in individual societies they put their personal goals first by life autonomous. I n this type of social framework, the focus is on achieving personal goals. Such individuals are loosely attached to each other and if needed they can easily detach themselves from the rest of the group. They can also sever relations quite easily with their norms, partners and religion.However in collectivist societies, the most important work out is the group and there is a sense among the group members for solidarity and shared activities. According to (Goodwin, 1999) these kind of groups dominates in commonplace as the obligations and duties of the individuals are not important when compared to that of the group. On the riffle side, the collectivist societies are keener to protect the interests of the members of the group. They are not very concerned and whitethorn not necessarily help those members who ar e outside their group. The boundaries of the group are strong and explicit and they develop group egoism.Though it is costs, the individuals of the members contribute more especially in the personal events such as marriage and other links with the families with in the group. They do not guide like mere individuals. One of the other dimensions of Hofstedes dimensions, power space, is also widely discussed in the cross cultural studies. It re pitchs the members of the society that agree to the inequalities in the power distribution among various members of the group. It may be in the organisations or institutions in which the degree of respect given those people who occupy superior positions.According to lead T. and Kennedy, A. A. (1982),Corporate Cultures, the acceptance to power inequality depends of the high distance and los distance societies. In High distance societies, they see power as the basis need of the group where as in low distance societies, they believe that power can only be used when it is legitimate. The next dimension of Hofstedes model is Masculinity vs. Femininity. According to him, factors such as heroism, material success, assertiveness as preference for achievement are considered as masculine.Other factors such as caring for the poor and downtrodden, modesty, relationships, and the quality of life are considered soft and feminine. The differentiation is based on the sex of that individual as the relationship between the Masculinity and femininity concerns about the relative emphasis and interpersonal harmony. While feminine culture gives preference to quality of life, warm personal relationships and fluid sex roles, the masculine cultures success, a sense of performance and competition and being brave.The tail dimension, uncertainty avoidance, lays emphasis on the extent in which the members of a particular culture respond to the unbeknown(predicate) situations or uncertain events. The cultures where the uncertainty avoidance is low are very curious whereas the cultures where the uncertainty avoidance is high are more dangerous. Uncertainty avoidance generally refers to the planning and the system of dealing with the unbeknownst(predicate) events in life and those with high uncertainty avoidance generally have a strong disposition for mutual consensus. Any behaviour other than this is not acceptable in that group or society.The nett dimension is long vs. short term orientation. The focus is mainly on the time horizon of the society. The orientation in this dimension of the study is to determine the importance that is being given to the future when compared to the previous score of that nation or society than the present state. In this dimension emerges such as persistence and others are resolved by applying the orientation framework. Hofstedes diverse studies of various cultures have provided the necessary inputs to understand the similarities or differences of cross cultures. (4. 1) Limitations of Hofste des modelThough Hofstede made several studies to identify the cross cultural similarities and differences, there are some limitations in this model. The primary limitation is the limited use of samples. The samples with Hofstede conducted the study is not applicable to the all the nations and therefore the results cannot be generalised to all the nations. The findings are generally based on the culture of the nation at a certain time which may be different from the result of the resembling nation at a different time. another(prenominal) limitation to his model is the negative feedback of the participants.Some people are happy to cooperate with the study but some people may get pained by it (Barrick, Ryan & Schmitt, 2003). Another limitation is the importance of the study to their organisation or the country they live in. Another limitation is to create changes not all people would like to agree. More often than not, majority of the people cannot accept abrupt change in a short peri od of time. (5) Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner model To explain the national cultural differences in an organisation, in 1998, popular concern consultants Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner developed a model named Seven Dimensions of Culture.They tried to explain the differences in a heterogeneous business environment and the challenges faced by the globular managers in managing them. Their study is primarily based on the responses of several respondents on a given dilemma. The dilemmas are contrasting in nature and this method is used by them over ten long long time to observe the responses of various individuals on these dilemmas which will be used to interpret the basic attitudes and values of the individuals. This method is characterised by developing seven different processes which are formulated into dilemmas.By preferring one side of the dilemma, the individuals from one culture differentiate themselves from the rest of the others. According to Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner, t hese responses provided them a tool to analyse how national cultures differ from one another and how culture can be measured. They also suggested that the differences in cultures play a major role in achieving success spherically and observed that reconciling these differences can lead to competitive advantage in the increasingly competitive global business environment. (5. ) Limitations of this model * Failure in recognising the impact of personal characteristics on ones behaviour. * Though this model differentiated between several cultures, it failed to suggest any recommendations on how to work with specific cultures. * The dilemmas that are developed by Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner may not satisfy that it will jump all the aspects of cross cultural studies. * Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner suggested that the organisations must acknowledge the similarities and differences between the cultures that they operate in.However, other authors such as Ohmae (Borderless world) and Lev itt (Globalisation of Markets) debate that national borders are diminishing day by day and emphasised on the need to look at the world as one big global market instead of showing it as different countries that are made up of different cultures. (B) interior(a) wariness Styles Analysis and personalized experience. The ideas about the national focussing means over the past four decades have been dominated primarily by two nations.First by the American management model then followed by the Japanese. National cultural heritage was thought to be the primary reason for a particular management style. Having that as an underlying assumption, claims have been made that the management style is highly influenced by the cultural force of a country. Do the Japanese in general manage their organisations differently from Americans? This lead to evolution of two main standpoints which are called as culture-free and the culture-contingent position (Child/Kieser, 1997 and Osterloh, 1994).Accor ding to the culture-free position, the management style reflects the deeper understanding of industrialism producing essentials of technological and economic nature. The management style of firms over the personnel does not depend too much on the nations cultural values but more dependent on the technology, size and the manufacture environment of the organisation. According to Barrett, E. (1992),The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Corporate Culture comparison, the competition among the organisations in a business environment need conditions which support the management style.As we all know that those firms which compete on innovation use a more participative and passkey management style when compared to the management style of those companies which are traditionally mass producers of plastic toys, screws or hamburgers. This can be observed across various nations all over the world. Likewise, the cultural settings do not look to have much impact on the management of fast food cha ins. The contrasting viewpoint is culture-contingent position. Experts argue that societies exhibit distinct and relatively persistent cultures which include shared patterns of manners and ideas.Though different organisations in different organisations compete in varied conditions, they all adopt similar cultural contingencies within that country. This may be one of the reason as to why these organisations though compete against each other manage their firms with similar management structures which are appropriate to the cultural forces of the country. Culture of the country may matter for management, but it certainly is not the primary factor which influences the management style of the organisation. (6) European Cultural DiversityAccording to (Hofstede, 1993 Munch, 1993), despite sharing a lot of history, it is quite surprising that many of the European countries are sleek over heterogeneous culturally. Though the integration of European countries brought about some economic forc es, the culture and traditions of these countries still quell very different to that of each other. The nations that can claim to have developed distinctive cultures are American and Japanese. European countries are far from having a distinctive culture of their own. In order to overcome the present day pressures, they have developed diverse approaches of their own to cope with them.Among the European countries the national differences between the countries are greater than that of the non-European countries when it comes to dealing with the problems of technology development, economic growth and pollution control. (7) British Model of Pragmatic Management Though Britain had a strong industrial dominance in the nineteenth century, after Second public War it has lost its strength both economically and commandal activityally. Over the past decade or so, the global competitiveness and the economic recovery signs have been strong for Britain.Several factors such as political stabil ity de-regulation of industries, and the English language advantage has attracted foreign direct investments from all across the globe which lead to the creation of entrepreneurial dynamism (ul-Haq, 2000). However according to Porter (1990), one of the important reasons for the continuous decline in the economic performance is the lack of quality in British educational system? Top-quality education has been restricted to a few groups. Important sectors like technology and engineering has been given lower priority.This resulted in the impact on the management in general and society in particular. While there are exceptional employees who are well trained for professional work, majority of them lack in depth education and aptitudes when compared to the other highly industrialised nations. This can explain about the difference between blue-collar and professional workers, especially managers, appear to reflect the social structures of the society. The relationship between the workers and the management is generally characterised by surmise and hostility, as a result of the conflict of interest between the two classes.Source Martin, J. (1992),Cultures in Organisations leash Perspectives Let us discuss various management styles and critically examine if that is the style in my own country. i. Autocratic In this management style, the decision making lies with the managers and they enforce their decision on the employees. They do not have a two way communication with the employees because they dont trust them. This can be demotivating to employees, but this style is suitable for organisations that have to take quick decisions and manage bountiful number of employees.I am from India and I can say that this management style is not widely used across the country but can be seen in large organisations particularly in IT firms that have large number of employees to manage. ii. Paternalistic Paternalistic managers listen to the concerns of the employees before taking decision with respect to their social and unskilled needs. The information flow is from top to bottom as they give direction to the employees. Interesting aspect is that they also take feedback form the employees which can be very effective. But the decision making on an issue may take longer than usual.This will help improve the morale of the employee. This management style can be observed in India though not widely. An organisation from the Marketing and Service industries and tourism industry in particular adopts this style of management. iii. Democratic Everyone is involved in the decision process in this management style. Productivity and job satisfaction is improved as the communication flows from top to bottom in this approach. Employees demand will be high as they are recognised and considered to be important to the organisation.On the flip side, it is difficult to get consensus on any issue and therefore slows down the process significantly. Sometimes there is also a risk that the managers may not be able to implement the best decisions. This style is not usually adapted in India as the mind sets of people are quite different and it may take quite long to take a decision. However this management style when utilize effectively with a judicious mixture can result in producing desired results. Source Adler, N. J. (1991) internationalistic Dimensions of Organizational Behaviour. Personally, my style has always been employee empowerment.The people I choose to have thinking people work under me, not automatons. Because of this, my task gets simpler and I can accomplish the targets in due course. I have learnt a great deal and also enriched my knowledge base as well as my skill levels. I am always aware of the fact that my task is to manage my team and they have their own tasks. I must enable them to deliver their best whether it is sales, operations or something else. Due to this, the members of the team can come up and discuss their ideas with me withou t any fear. To my mind, no organisation can grow if its employees do not grow. 8) Conclusion As per my experience, persistent growth can be achieved by organisations by implementing proper management styles. They can solve organisational problems improve employee productivity and loyalty and satisfaction. Satisfied customers and higher returns of the investment is the key for all the organisations at the end of the day. On the flip side, adopting an incorrect management structure will lead to tensions between managers and their subordinates resulting in diminished employee morale and depleting productivity. (9) BIBLIOGRAPHY i. Alvesson, M. 1993),Cultural Perspectives on Organisations, 1992 ii. Deal T. and Kennedy, A. A. (1982),Corporate Cultures, iii. Barrett, E. (1992),The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Corporate Culture Analogy iv. Martin, J. (1992),Cultures in Orgnanizations Three Perspectives v. Kono, T. (1990), Corporate Culture and Long Range Planning vi. Adler, N. J. (1991) International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior. vii. travel the Waves of Culture(Fons Trompenaars & Charles Hampden-Turner), 1990. viii. Five Minds for the Future(Howard Gardner), 1982 ix. Burack, E. H. 1991), Changing the Corporate Culture x. Hampden-Turner, C. (1990),Corporate Culture (10) Web References i. http//ezinearticles. com/? How-To-Understand-Cross-Cultural-Analysis&id=403111 ii. http//www. itapintl. com/facultyandresources/articlelibrarymain/the-use-and-misuse-of-questionnaires-in-intercultural-training. hypertext markup language iii. http//www. blurtit. com/q410358. html iv. http//www. blurtit. com/q792848. html v. http//ivythesis. typepad. com/2010/07/what-are-the-limitations-on-hofstedes-and-globe-studies. html vi. http//www. wright. edu/scott. williams/LeaderLetter/culture. htm